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IVANHOE 




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HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM 

FOR THE STUDY OF 

IVANHOE 

AND FOR THE ACCOMPANYING 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 

LESSONS 



ARRANGED ACCORDINCi TO THE 

REQUIREMENTS OF THE NEW YORK STATE 

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 



M.^ANSTICE HARRIS 



FOR THE USE OF 

THE SUMMER SCHOOI, FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS 

ELMIRA COLLEGE 



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!e«ARYofCONGRI:SS 
Two Cooies Recelvecf 
OCT T '30? 
o CopyrijTht Entry 

CUS6 /\ KXc, No. 

COPY B. 



ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF 
CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR I907, BY 

M. ANSTICE HARRIS, 

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THE ADVERTISER, ELMIRA, I 



IVANHOE 
LESSON I 
A short account of the life of Sir Walter Scott may be 
found in such works as : — 

(a) The International Encyclopedia, 

(b) Hawthorne, Literature of All Nations, p. 355, 

(c) Chambers' Encyclopedia of English Literature 
pages 378, 86, 585, 89, 646. 

Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Read three accounts such as those named above of 
Scott's life, and come to class prepared to recite on the 
following topics : 

1 Scott's parentage and early life, 

2 Scott's education, 

3 Scott's works in poetry, — number and name, 

4 Scott's works in prose, — number and name, 

5 Scott's fortunes in life, 

6 Scott's personal character, 

7 The influence of his character upon his literary activity. 

8 The esteem in which his works were held during his 
life, 

9 Their fame now. 

(b) Draw on the first page of your note book a map of 
that part of England drained by the Don, the Dervvent, and 
the Trent rivers. Consult for this purpose the map in the 
Century Atlas. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON I 
Assignment for Pupils 

Outline and write a 200 word essay comparing the per- 
sonal character of Scott and of Coleridge, suggesting, if you 
can, its effect upon their literary work. 
Class Work 

(a) The episode of Fitz James and Roderick Dhu in The 
Lady of the Lake, Canto iv, stanzas xxix to xxxi. 



Let this be read aloud under criticism, for pose of speaker, 
enunciation, and spirited delivery. 

(b) Write the story of this episode from memory in a 
fifteen minute paper. 



IVANHOE 

LESSON II 

References to England in the time of Richard I may be 
found in 

Lewis, Story of Nations, 'Crusades,' xx-xxii, 
Dickens, Child's History of England, 
Lanier, Boy's Froissart. 

Assignment for Pupils 

Read references on the time of Richard I, also read Myers, 
Outlines of Mediaeval and Modern History, 
pages 118-120, and 135 on the Normans, 

147-168 on Feudalism and Chivalry, . 
177-178 on Norman Conquest of England, 
179-183 on the Crusades, 
" 201-202 on the Military Orders, 
'* 205-207 on Richard I and the Third Crusade. 

Class Work 

Recitation on assigned lesson by topic questions on 

1 Anglo-Saxons in England, 

2 The Norseman's original home, 

3 The Norse settlement in France, 

4 Battle of Hastings, 

5 The Conquest of England, 



6 The essential features of feudalism, classes of feudal 
society, castles, the life of nobles, the life of serfs, 
the life of a Franklin, 

7 Chivalry, training a knight, 

8 The Tournament, 

9 The character and rule of William the Conqueror, 

10 Distribution of the land, 

11 The curfew, forest laws. 

12 General character of the successors of William I as 
seen in William II, Henry I, Stephen, Henry II. 

13 Crusades : causes and character of wars, especially of 
the Third Crusade. 

14 Richard I : his date, the story of his reign, his family, 
his captivity, his wars, his characteristics. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON II 
Assignment for Pupils 

Write, in a letter, a description of Abbottsford (from the 
picture)^ or 

Write, in a letter, a description of Sir Walter Scott's dogs 
(from Landseer's picture), or 

Write a letter giving an imaginary account of a day spent 
at Abbottsford. 

Class Work 

Let the teacher read in class 'The Troubadour,' and the 
'War Song of the Royal Edinburgh Light Dragoons.' Ask 
the class to find a sentence that states the theme of each of 
these ballads. 



*Blue prints of Sir Walter Scott and his home, and of the characters ^ 
and scenes of Ivanhoe, may be had from The Earl Thompson Co. , Syra- 
cuse, N. Y. 



IVANHOE 

LESSON III 
Chapter i 

1* What were the Wars of the Roses ? 

What bands of outlaws are referred to and where are 
the songs about them to be found ? 

2 What is the date spoken of ? 

3 What positions did the Saxons Franklins hold ? the 
barons ? 

4 What was the language used by the court, by the 
nobles, by the farmers ? 

How does Scott account for the structure of the 
English language as we speak it ? 

5 What is the date of the Norman Conquest? How 
many years elapsed after that before the close of 
the reign of William H ? How many elapsed be- 
fore the reign of Edward HI ? State then in your 
own words the steps by which the Anglo-Saxons 
and the Norman people came to be finally one peo- 
ple, after the reign of Edward HI. 

6 When did the Roman soldiers march through this 
country ? Who were the Druids ? (Consult Ency- 
clopedia.) What were their superstitions? Read 
in the Encyclopedia the account of Stonehenge. 
Do you think the description in Paragraph 6 fits 
Stonehenge in any particulars ? 

7 What part of England is the West Riding of York- 
shire ? 

8 Who is Harlequin? (Consult The Century.) 

9 What differences in the appearance and demeanor of 
Gurth and Wamba have been pointed out in 7, 8, 
and 9? 

10 What is meant by * two legged wolf ' ? Who is the 
'Ranger of the Forest' ? (See Scott's note.) 



*The numbers refer to paragraphs. 

The paragraph divisions are those of Scott's latest revision, edition of 
1829, to be found in Longman's English Classics and elsewhere. 



11 What can you tell of the three classes of wanderers 
mentioned as likely to be found in Yorkshire at this 
time ; the soldiers, the outlaws, and the pilgrims ? 
Were these usually of Norman birth ? 

25 Who is King Oberon ? 

26 What is meant by *play the rational' ? 

27 Who are the ' companions ' Wamba accompanies ? 
Why is Gurth called a 'Second Eumaeus' ? What 
difference in the character of Gurth and Wamba can 
you discover from their conversation in Paragraph 
11 ? In Chapter I, how many characters have been 
introduced, (a) in person, (b) by reference? What 
have you been told of Norman customs and laws ? 
What have you been told of Saxon customs and laws ? 
What have you been told of the country of which 
you drew the map ? 

Define: * seats 1, license 2, harrass 3, extirpated 4, in- 
veterate 4, antipathy 4, predilection 4, pleadings 4, hinds 4, 
classical languages 4, premise 5, glade 6, copsewood 6, 
silvan 6, hillock 6, primeval 7, hauberk 7, thong 7, boar 7, 
scrip 7, accoutred 7, whittle 7, gorget 7, thrall 7, fantastic 8, 
grotesque 8, bandeau 8, jelly-bag 8, hussar 8, edge tools 8, 
serf 9, construed 9, apathy 9, feudal 9, porkers 10, obstrep- 
erously 10, beech mast 10, lurcher 10, malice prepense 10, 
slough 11, flayed 15, murrain 26, quarter staff 27. 

In what unusual sense are the following words used : fab- 
ricated 7, hawks 8, lath 8. 

Study the meaning of the last sentence in Paragraph 10, 
and write it in your own words. 

Where is the Don, Sheffield, Doncaster, Hastings, Nor- 
mandy ? 

Chapter ii 

2 What was the order of Cistercian Monks ? 
What was Flanders cloth ? 

3 Where is Andalusia ? 



* The numbers refer to paragraphs. 



4 What peculiarity do you understand to be indicated by 
the words ' high features ' ? 

5 What were the four ' regular orders ' of monks ? 

6 What kind of carving was called Damascene ? 

Which of the two people described from 1 to 7 do you 

like best ? Why ? 
10 What is meant by ' secular and regular ' clergy ? 

What is the Scriptural allusion to charity here re- 
ferred to ? 
12-33 What has been added to our knowledge of each of 

the characters by this conversation ? 

Which of the four has Scott taken most pains to have 

you understand ? 
36 Why then does he return to the riders ? 

39 Who is Odin ? What other spelling is sometimes used 
for this name ? 

40 What do you know of the Saxon Heptarchy ? 
What kingdoms composed it ? When did it exist ? 
What opinion do you gain of Cedric ? 

41 What is a troubadour ? Where did they live ? 
Mahound is a spelling of Mohammed. In what other 
ways is this name spelled ? 

46 What is the wager ? 

Why are the Prior and the Templar going to Cedric's 

home ? 

What two points are here added to your knowledge of 

Cedric ? 
48 How would you phrase the Prior's first sentence ? 
52 Which held the right opinion ? 

57 What is the antecedent of the second 'he' ? 

58 Why should the marshes make the way perilous ? 

60 Why were the pilgrims to the Holy Land called 
Palmers ? 

62 Do you understand why the Palmer should be familiar 
with people who appeared like the Templar ? 

63 What is there in Paragraph 62 to show why the Tem- 
plar should be angry ? 



9 

66 What is meant by ' winding a horn' ? 

How many characters have been introduced so far ? 

How many of these have been minutely described as 

to their personal appearance ? 

In how many cases is this done before we are made 

acquainted with their thoughts or feelings by anything 

they say or do ? 
Define : leer 2, pent-house 2, epicurean 2, voluptuary 2, 
conventual 2, edicts 2, sect 2, ambling 3, lay-brother 3, jen- 
net 3, housings 3, palfrey 3, foot-cloth 3, mitre 3, ecclesias- 
tical 3, sumpter-mule 3, cavalcade 3, brawn 4, hackney 6, 
plaited 6, sabre 7, baldric 7, javelin 7, Saracen 7, fetlock 8, 
courser 8, volatile 9, prior 9, Abbey 9, absolution 10. delin- 
quencies 10, ennui 10, largesses 10, postern 10, rendezvous 
10, obeisance 10, swarthy 11, seneschal 14, hermitage 16, 
anchoret 16, fain 24, demi volte 25, haft 26, cubit 32, capri- 
cious 37, churl 38, arrets 41, seditious 41, houri 42, butt 44, 
cellarer 44, Pentacost 45, turretted 64, castellated 64, fosse 
65, stockade 65, palisade 65, flanked 65, slingers 65, draw- 
bridge 65. 

In what unusual sense are the following words used : rule 
2, furniture 3, case 3, superior 3, offensive 5, device 6, squire 
7, nicely 10, harbourage 11, predominating 27, marry 38, 
vault 44, lists 45. 

Study out the meaning of the last sentence of 47 and write 
it in your own words. 

Translate : benedicite, mes filz, clericus clericum non 
decimat, vae victis. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON III 
Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Read Jack the Giant Killer and Cinderella, and think 
out the exact point of each of the stories until you are able 
to tell it in one short sentence. 

(b) Bring to class some clever anecdote you have clipped 
from newspaper or magazine, one you think has a good 
point. 



10 

Class Work 

Each student will write on a slip of paper the point of 
each of the two fairy stories, (in such forms as — The point of 
the nursery rhyme of Miss Muffet is, that pleasure is often 
suddenly spoiled) . These slips signed will be passed to 
the teacher, and each student will then explain what he con- 
sidered in deciding on the point he has given. Criticism. 



IVANHOE 

LESSON IV 
Chapter hi 

4 Describe an old English * hall.' 

Look up Lord and Lady in the Century Dictionary and 
explain the reference here to the etymology of those 
words. 

6 What w^as the personal appearance of Cedric ? 

7 What was his costume ? 

8 What kind of dogs does he keep ? Which is his favorite ? 
What are the characteristics of this dog ? 

Have you been given in the preceding chapters any 
clew to Cedric's character ? 
9-10 Where were Gurth and Wamba ? 
Why is Cedric concerned about them ? 
Does he think well of them ? 

13 Who instituted the curfew ? 
Why was it an unpopular law ? 

14 What happened at Hastings? What has that to do 
with the curfew ? 



1 



11 

16 What is the ' great council ' Cedric mentions ? 
Who is the Wilfred he speaks of ? 

What do you know about him ? 

Do you think he has something to do with the story ? 

17 Who blew that horn ? 

Where did the warder go ? Who did he find ? 

19 Whose message does he bring ? 

20 From Cedric's instructions about the entertainment of 
these guests, do you infer that Saxon ideas of what 
hospitality requires were different from ours ? Why ? 

27 Why does Cedric call Palestine that 'fatal land' ? 

Can you tell why Rowena cares to hear of Palestine ? 

When this chapter opens Cedric is waiting for Rowena, 

and is anxious about Gurth and Wamba. None of the 

three have appeared. Why then has Scott told us 

Cedric was expecting them ? 

Have you any reason to be interested in Rowena's 

appearance in the hall ? 

Have you any reason to be interested in the coming of 

Gurth and Wamba ? 

Have you any reason to be interested in what Cedric 

and his visitors may say ? 

Are all these matters likely to be narrated in the next 

chapter ? 

Can you see why Chapter iii needs to be separated 

from Chapter ii ? 

Can you guess why it is divided from Chapter iv ? 

Define: vent 1, encrust 1, chase 1, piqued 1, transversely 
2, antique 2, settle 2, canopy 2, dignitaries 2, gaudy 3, pre- 
sided 4, thane 5, alderman 5, choleric 6, alert 6, tunic 7, doub- 
let 7, sandals 7, studded 7, slow-hounds 8, physiognomy 8, 
moody 8, truncheon 8, trencher 8, grisly 8, mass 9, depreda- 
tions 9, draughts 10, squire 10, sedative 10, tarries 10, kir- 
tle 11, afield 12, warders 12, curfew 13, banditti 14, boar- 
spear 16, haply 16, quartered 17, ween 18, hership 18, warder 
18, impeached 20, insolence 20, major-domo 20, usurps 22, 



12 

patrimony 22, bugle-horn 22, arrogance 24, broach 24, mead 
24, morat 24, wily 27. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : range 3, sate 7, true-men 14, plate 16, lists 16, 
mail 16, javelin 16, knaves 18, quality 20, lodging 20, vest- 
ment 20, bell and book 22, free 22, mightiest 24, pigment 24, 
horn 24, cast 28. 

Chapter iv 

1 What rule about the beard and hair of the clergy is here 
alluded to ? 

5 Explain why the Pilgrim's hat was decorated with cockle 
shells. 

6 Look up Psalm cxviii, 27, and explain the allusion. 
What is the story of St. Hilda of Whitby ? 

7 Why does the Templar speak particularly of Richard ? 
21 How many times since we first saw Cedric have we 

noticed his irritable temper ? 

Read Scott's Note A, on the Ranger of the Forest. 
Had Cedric a right to feel annoyed by Wamba's story 
about Fangs ? 
23 What does the Templar mean by his remark ? 

27 Cedric's remark is a rebuke. Compare Chapter ii, 41 
and 47. 

How well do you expect the Templar to behave ? 

28 How well does he behave ? 

34 Who is the namesake ? and who is Vortigern ? 

(See Century Dictionary of Names.) 

To whom has Rowena spoken before ? 

Do you know why she came to the hall ? Who told us ? 

Does she gain what she wished ? 
41 Have you reason to respect the Templar's memory ? 
43 If the Templar had thought he might be mistaken what 

does he know now ? (Compare Chapter ii, 48-52.) 

What has this chapter added to your knowledge of 

Cedric, of Rowena, of the Templar, of the Pilgrim ? 



13 

What is gained by having a stranger announced first 
at the end of the chapter ? 

Compare the close of this chapter with the close of the 
last in regard to our interest in the next occurrences. Are 
they at all alike in this respect ? 

Define: cope 1, signet 1, canon 1, swart 2, hussar 3, stew- 
ard 3, harangue 7, sirrah 9, shackles 11, exculpation 12, 
troth 12, license 13, bow-hand 18, disforested 31, spits or 
broaches .22, drinking horns 22, ward 23, sultanas 25, reli- 
quary 26, crusader 27, wassail 34. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: weeds 3, shod 3, odour 6, villains 9, uncle 12, 
walk 20, conversing 33, appropriated 37. 

Translate : lac dulce, lac acidum, 33. 

RHETORIC AND COMPOSITION 
LESSON IV 
Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Prepare to explain either orally or in a written exer- 
cise what you mean by the point of a story ; — as when one 
says there is no point to that story, what is it that you think 
of as lacking ? 

(b) Bring to class a short story or anecdote you think has 
a good point. Be able to give the point in one short sen- 
tence. 

Class Work 

(a) A twenty-five minute exercise in written exposition 
of what is meant by the point of the story. 

(b) Oral exercise in the same for the rest of the period, 
with criticism. 



14 

IVANHOE 

LESSON V 
Chapter v 

1 Where is York ? 

6 This is the second rebuke Cedric has administered to 

the Templar and the second check to the Prior. Where 

was the first ? 
8 Look over the conversation Chapter ii, 14-33, and the 

remarks in this chapter so far as Wamba is concerned. 

Can you tell why he says his sharpest things against 

the Templar ? 
12 In describing the person, the dress, and the action of 

the Jew, has Scott followed the order used in making 

us acquainted with the Prior, with Cedric, with Rowe- 

na, with Wamba, and with Gurth ? 
16-17 When the preceding chapter closed it seemed that 

the stranger announced might be of much interest. 

Does it seem so now ? 
19 What is Scott's Note about Sir Tristrem ? 
22 What is the ' badge ' ? 
27 Who is the English monarch ? 

What is the battle of Acre, referred to ? 

Do you think the Pilgrim himself may have been one 

of the five knights ? 

Has he seen the Templar before ? 
29 When Cedric asked for the names, does he mean the 

names of the five knights ? 
32 Why then does the Pilgrim begin with the King ? 

39 Are you not surprised when Cedric asks for the sixth ? 

40 Do you think the Pilgrim expected that ? 
Why does he not tell Ivanhoe's name ? 

45 What are the four seas of Britain ? 

48 Why is Cedric offended ? 

57 What does Scott say about the exchequer ? (See note.) 
In closing Chapters iii and iv Scott gives us in each 
case a hint of something of interest to be still explained. 
Has he done so in this chapter ? 



I 



15 

Define: effrontery 2, rapacious 12, doffed 13, poniard 14» 
contamination 14, apprehended 14, abstinence 16, predilec- 
tion 18, woodcraft 18, woodman 18, jovial 18, jargon 19, 
asseveration 28, griped 29, guerdon 30, vaunts 42, reliquary 

44, pater noster 45, board 45, vagrant 45, temple court 45, 
beseems 48, gage 48, fantastic 48, genuflections 50, rood 51, 
bonny 51, matin chime 51, grace cup 53, obeisance 53, gauds 
56, shekels 56, halfling 57, gaberdine 57, beshrew 58. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : marshall 1, file 14, mess 16, bills 21, ran three 
courses 28, vailing 45, bonnet 45, temple court 45, underlies 

45, pledge 50, toy 56. 
Translate : cri de guerre 21. 

Chapter vi 

9 What do you know of Rowena's interest in Ivanhoe ? 
Is it of Ivanhoe she came to the hall to hear ? 
Look back over Chapters iv and v and see what proof 
you have of this. 
11 Why is the Pilgrim troubled ? 

13 Can you guess what Rowena means by the evil tidings ? 

14 Where is Cyprus and when was Richard there ? 

33 Did the Pilgrim intend, at 20, to find the Jew early in 

the morning ? 

Why do you suppose the Templar gave such orders ? 

Did Isaac do or say anything to bring them forth ? 
35 Who are the men of Rabbah and the children of Ammon ? 
37 Who is the Lazarus spoken of? 
41 Did the Pilgrim intend, at 20, to leave the castle by the 

postern gate early ? 

Where has Gurth been spoken of before as Eumaeus ? 
44 Did the people of the time have such pillows ? 
62-63 What does Scott say of the Jews at this time, their 

wealth and persecution ? 
69 Where is Sheffield ? 
75 Do you know what the Pilgrim most wishes ? 



16 

85 When the Jew entered the hall, Chapter v, what did 
Scott say about his dress in preparation for this ? 
Where is the town of Leicester ? 
Where is Lombardy ? 

Why should the rich Jew have Milan harnesses ? 
85 When the Pilgrim said 76 what was he thinking- of ? 
Up to this point all the story has centered in Cedric's 
home ; before we leave it review the events that 
have occurred, the characters introduced, and the order 
of their appearance. Make a list of the peculiarities 
of each so far as you have observed Scott's intima- 
tions of the nature of each character. What reason 
has Scott given us for being interested in the tourna- 
ment at Ashby ? 
Define : mead 1, solere 2, stall 2, benison 3, hawking 5, 
pennon 6, candelabra 6, genuflection 7, factium 10, travail 
17, kennels 21, hutch 25, tenacious 28, falcon 28, collapse 34, 
revel 36, extortions 37, extricated 37, rating 37, contamina- 
tion 37, domain 39, apprised 41, postern 41, superciliously 
42, pallet 42, gammon 43, recumbent 46, anon 46, orisons 52, 
vigils 52, potent 53, wicket 56, palisade 56, buckram 56, 
certes 58, devious 61, ambuscade 61, disfurnished 62, bills 
of exchange 62, uncomplying 63, gyves 74, scroll 85, gra- 
mercy 90, requite 90. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : carry 2, give 2, short 2, accommodated 25, 
treason 37, abide 44, straightness 56, argued 61, in thy dan- 
ger 74, harnesses 85, usages 89, frankly 90. 

Where is : Cyprus 14, Ithaca 42, Leicester 85, Lombardy 
85, Milan 85. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON V 

Assignment for Pupils 

Find out what is the point of the story in the Ancient 
Mariner, write the point of the whole story in a sentence, as 



17 

in Lesson iii, then state the point of each of the seven di- 
visions in one sentence. Having done this, decide on the 
bearing of each one of these division-points upon the great 
point of the whole Rime of the Ancient Mariner. State this 
bearing in one sentence for each division. 
Class Work 

(a) Reading of statements, with criticism. 

(b) General explanation of the use of suspense in devel- 
oping the point of a story. 

(c) General explanation of the use of contrast in develop- 
ing the point of a story. 



IVANHOE 

LESSON VI 
Chapter vii 

1 What had happened to King Richard, 1192 ? 

Where was he at the opening of this chapter so far as 

known ? 

What is meant by being a prey to subaltern oppression ? 

2 Who is Prince John ? How does he have a ' faction' ? 
Why was he in league with Philip of France ? 

Who was the Duke of Austria ? 

What is the relation of Prince John to the rightful heir 
to the throne if Richard does not return ? 
Who do you think suffered more from the King's ab- 
sence, noble or peasant ? Norman or Saxon ? 



IS 

3 Who most needed the aid of the Jews ? Who most op- 
pressed them ? 
6-10 Compare the size, shape, and general arrangement 

of the field at Ashby with a modern foot ball field. 
7 Who has arranged for this tournament ? 

Why did Prince John need to seek popularity ? 

Why choose the means of the tournament ? 
14 Why does Prince John need money ? 

Who are the Knights Templar ? 

Who are the Knights of St. John ? 

Why does each order support Prince John ? 
16 W^hy do the Saxons not support Prince John ? 
18 Which have we been told first, the appearance, or the 

character, of the Prince ? Why ? 

How has Scott usually introduced his personages ? 
20 Compare the dress and person of Rowena with that of 

Rebecca. 

28 Why was there the murmur ? Name all the causes 
you see. 

Why did the profession of De Bracy free him from 

scruples ? 

How patient under insult would you expect Cedric to 

be? 

What reason for your answer do you find in Chapters 

III, IV, V? 

29 What has the archer said before ? Was it just ? 
Is what he says here just ? 

32 What is meant by Wat Tyrrel's mark ? Why is the 

Prince alarmed ? 
34 Why does he think of St. Grizzel ? 
48 Why points in regard to the Prince have you learned 

from his conduct and remarks ? 

Is your opinion of Athelstane good ? Why ? 

What more do you know of Isaac ? 

What more do you know of Wamba ? 
Define: subaltern 1, profligate 2, perfidious 2, magistracy 
3, issue 5, passage of arms 5, confluence 5, list 6, portal 6, 



19 

heralds 6, pursuivants 6, pavilion 7, pennons 7, silvan 7, 
esplanade 7, farrier 8, emblazoned 10, blazoned 10, pummels 

11, armed at all points 11, yeomen 12, burg^hers 12, gentrj^ 

12, dubious 12, Lincoln green 15, baldric 15, demeanor 15, 
out-heroding 15, truce 16, falcon 17, caracoled 17, libertine 
18, sables 18, connoisseur 20, aquiline 20, Canticles 21, 
mammon 23, houri 23, congee 24, hinds 25, soubriquet 26, 
incensed 33, deportment 35, byzants 47. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following- 
words used : mortal 2, resolutes 2, justice 3, wastes 3, in- 
different 4, real 5, trumpets 6, salvage 7, trim 15, extenuat- 
ed 37. 

Translate : La Royne de la Beaute et des Amours 10, 
vis inertia 27. 

Chapter viii 

1 When the Prior was at Rotherwood where did he say 
he was going ? 
Do you not wonder what has become of the Templar ? 

2-3 Is there cause for the Prior's surprise ? 

Have you heard before that he thinks Rowena hand- 
some ? 
4 Compare vii, 38. Why call the Jew a dog ? Compare 
VII, 28. Why call the Saxon a hog ? 

10 What do you conclude about the judgment of Walde- 
mar? 

12 Who does the Prior expect to name ? 

15 Has the Prince shown any aptness to be obstinate in 
trifles ? 

17 What is the second law of the tournament ? 

19 Compare the questions on Paragraph 7, Chapter vii. 
Show other examples of the 'wanton aggression.' 
What in general is the plan for the three days amuse- 
ment ? 

22 This is a 'digression,' that is, it does not tell the story 
we are interested to hear. Does it advance Scott's 
aim ? 



20 



23 What sort of persons does Scott think of in the last 
sentence of this paragraph ? 

27 What proof has the audience as to who is the best of 
the knights in tourney ? 

28 Why is there a pause after the fourth encounter? 
What impression is given you by Athelstane ? 

36 Why is this a favorable point for the entrance of a new 
combatant ? 

Why should he enter alone ? 

What word in the paragraph interests you in him ? 

37 According to the rules, what is the contest to be after 
this? 

38 What emotion does the Templar express ? 
In what tone would he speak ? 

What would be his manner ? 

Does this and paragraph 40 incline you to wish the 
Disinherited Knight's success ? 
49 Is the result expected ? 

52 Why should Bois Gilbert feel despair, rather than mor- 
tification, or anger ? 

53 Is there anything notable in the toast the conqueror 
drinks ? 

What hints have you as to the identity of the Disin- 
herited Knight ? 

Define : gaged 9, acquiescence 10, adder 10, arms of cour- 
tesy 17, bull-baiting 19, wanton aggression 19, bounty 21, 
acclammation 21, flourish 21, span 21, area 22, contemporary 
22, escutcheon 22, evanescent 22, martial 22, barbaric 23, 
cymbals 23, crest 25, clangour 26, canvass 32, foibles 32, 
alley 37, arrogance 43, augured 44, haunches 45, visor 45, 
onset 47, girths 48, casque 54, laces 54, unanimous 58. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : liberal 2, in rest 6, entertained 8, undertake 16, 
spectacle 20, galleries 20, barrier 22, paces 23, atone 23, re- 
verse 23, pacific 24, sensible 33, animated 35, squires 43, 
address 45, bars 45. 



21 

Translate : outrance 17, largesse 21, cap a pie 21, attaint 
27, melee 32, Gare le corbeau 43, cave adsum 54. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON VI 

Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Mark each use of contrast and of suspense in the An- 
cient Mariner. 

(b) Take each division of the Ancient Mariner and show 
the use of contrast and of suspense in it, in developing- 

(x) The point of the division, 
(y) The point of the whole poem. 

Class Work 

Test of the understanding of the use of contrast and sus- 
pense as above, written or oral. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON VII 

Chapter ix 

1 Do you know why the Disinherited Knight does not 
wish his identity to be known ? 

11 What effect upon the Prince has the mention of Rich- 
ard ? Why? (Compare Chapter v, also vii, 2.) 
What further light on John's character here ? 

12 What light on Waldemar's character? Are these new 
characteristics ? Do you see why John usually does 
as Waldem^ar advises ? 

13 Do you begin to wish Richard might come home ? 

26 How does Isaac happen to know all about that horse 
and armour ? 



22 

30 Can you guess why the Knight chooses Rowena ? 
How does the choice please the Prince, and Cedric, 
and Athelstane, and Waldemar ? 
45-46 Why is the Prince angry with the yeoman ? 
Where has he been angry before ? 
Do you think the yeoman has cause for fear ? 
Define : achieved 1, eulogy 13, war furniturelS, pommel 15, 
(compare Chapter vii, 11), vaulted 15, excitation 17, eques- 
trian statue 17, prerogative 18, coronet 19, profligate 20, mal- 
evolent 24, apathy 24, muscadine 24, menacing 30, donative 
30, inalienable 35, vindictive 45, desert 45, betide 47, tumul- 
tuous 52, menials 52, precincts 53, forge 53, armourers 53. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : shocked 3, pitch 9, forebode 11, backs 12, 
course 24, profits 26. 

Translate : incognito 1, outrecuidance 48. 
Where is : Barbary 26, Anjou 32. 

Chapter x 

8 Why does the Disinherited Knight refuse the horses 
and armour which he had won ? 

9 Why does he refuse anything from Baldwin ? 

12 How much of his action is explained by this remark ? 

26 Can you guess why he was perplexed ? 

30 Comment on the illustration Isaac uses. Is it clear 
and forcible ? Does Rebecca understand ? 

36 What does Isaac mean by 'rebuilding of Zion' ? 

39 What traits of character have you discovered in Re- 
becca ? 

40-60 We have been told that Gurth has a grim humor, 
where is it seen in this conversation ? 

62 Would you- have supposed Gurth keener than Isaac? 

68 How much money had he paid? 

Why does Rebecca return it arid more ? 

70 What do you judge to be the price of Gurth's freedom ? 
How has your good opinion of Gurth been brought 
about ? 



In what marked points does his character differ from 
that of Isaac ? 

Define : officious 1, clownish 1, styling 4, cavaliers 6, 
moiety 8, scourge 18, varlet25, ruminations 26, agitating 26, 
alleged 27, churlish 27, estrada 28, mien 28, jot 28, tittle 28, 
briny 30, myrrh 30, aloes 30, dispersed 33, prudential 37, dof- 
fing 39, bolts 52, guilder 53, dipt within the ring 59, quit- 
tance 61, weaver's beam 62, chaffering 63, faun 64, necro- 
mancer 64, cabalists 64, guild 70, buckler 70. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : barbed 2, blotch 30, harped 34, pouch 58, piece 
59. 

Where is Bashan 55 ? 
Chapter xi 

1 What have been the previous 'nocturnal adventures' of 
Gurth ? 

2 Why was the town disorderly at this time ? 

What is Gurth thinking of when he says 'the Jewess 
was right ? 

What is the meaning of St Nicholas Clerks ? 
6 Why should the visors reveal an occupation ? 

16-18 Do you judge these persons were at the tourna- 
ment ? 

29 What does this pause tell you ? 

35-36 What are the figures of speech in these lines ? 

36 What does this tell us of the honesty of officials then ? 

38 What is the stream referred to ? 

40 Explain the last sentence. Who are the dogs, and who 
the wolves, and who the foxes ? 

42 What are the items enumerated here ? 
Are they in the order of climax ? 

52 How has Gurth saved himself ? Compare 42. 

57 What is the meaning of the allusion to the Tower of 
London ? 

58 Make a list of the traits Gurth has shown in his en- 
counter with the robbers. Are any of these more ad- 
mirable than those shown in Chapter x ? 



2i 

59 What do you think of the outlaws and their captain? 
Has the captain appeared before ? 

60 Why would not the Knight profit by Rebecca's gener- 
osity ? 

Had she the right to be generous ? 
This chapter has been called a comic interlude, where 
do you find comedy in it ? 
What is an interlude ? 
Define : nocturnal 1, hazel 1, holly 1, arrant 2, errant 2, 
merk 2, surly 4, let blood 5, mandate 6, betwixt 6, forfeit 9, 
lineage 17, accrued 21, in lieu 32, toll-free 40, scathless 43, 
scot-free 46, toll-dish 47, miller's thumb 47, cudgel 50, half 
staff 51, hide 52, night-walker 53, indispensable 60. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : agreeably 6, double 11, just 34, round 46, lay 
on load 46, heroic 49, playing 50, steady 50, ways 53, amble 
53, roundly 53. 

Translate : faire le moulinet 47, rendezvous 54. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON vir 
Assignment for Pupils 

Read ' The Great Carbuncle ' by Hawthorne. (Twice Told 
Tales.) 

Decide on the point of the story, and prepare to name the 
places at which it is developed by suspense and those at 
which it is developed by contrast. 

Class Work 

Test on the above, and written exercise in the exposition 
of the use of 

(a) Suspense, and of 

(b) Contrast, in the development of the point of a story. 



25 

IVANHOE 
LESSON VIII 
Chapter xii 

Read Chapter viii, 19, for the program of the second 
day. What is it ? 
6 Why does Athelstane enlist with the Templar ? 

Why is Cedric surprised ? 
8 Why is John desirous of victory for the Templar ? 
14 Give in your own words the substance of what the 

heralds say. 
24 What effect has this upon our interest ? 
31 Describe the person who came to aid the Knight. 

Why did he leave before the contest closed ? 
33 Prepare yourself to recount the occurrences of this 
contest. 

Why did John refuse to end the contest before ? 
Why does he do it now ? 
36 What is the point in the word hence in this paragraph ? 

Why award the prize to the Knight in black ? 
39 What was the reward of victory ? 
43 Why is Rowena startled ? 

45 Name the points in the story so far, which have pre- 
pared us for this disclosure. 

What are the two most interesting occurrences in this 
chapter ? Does your expectation of the occurrence, or 
does the unexpectedness, add to its interest ? 
At the opening of this chapter the identity of the Dis- 
inherited Knight is one of the sources of interest. Do 
you feel the same kind of curiosity about the Knight 
in Black Armour ? 
Define : espouse 1, succour 7, mace 14, battle-axe 14, 
leading staff 14, effusive 14, spurs 17, dexterity 18, extricate 
18, kerchief 21, animosity 24, parrying 24, agility 2^, sprin- 
gal 30, gorget 42, chaplet 43, swoon 45. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : preferring 4, dutiful 10, reversed 14, scarf 18, 
fury 18, buffet 18, field 35. 



Translate : laissez aller 17, Beau-seant 19, Desdichado 19, 
Le Noir Faineant 32, chamfron 32. 

Chapter xiii 

This novel, having Ivanhoe as its hero, should have each 
circumstance of the narrative connected in some way with 
Ivanhoe and his fortunes. Do you remember characters or 
circumstances not so connected ? 

3 What do you conclude as to Richard's interest in Ivan- 
hoe ? 

Explain how Prince John could give these lands to 
Front de Boeuf. 
7 Is Waldemar's account friendly to Ivanhoe ? 
9 Why does Waldemar hasten to reply ? 

Do you think it would be well for Ivanhoe 's health to 
have Prince John's physician ? 
10 Is Waldemar attracted by Rowena's beauty or by her 

courage ? 
15 Who is the ' Saxon ox ' included by the invitation ? 
Do you wish Rowena to marry De Bracy ? 
How will Cedric be pleased ? 

What sort of a king is this Prince likely to make, should 
Richard never return ? 
19 From what reasons should John look closely at the 

address, and at the seal ? 
24 Do you understand from this that Richard may at any 
time appear in England ? 

Explain the meaning or object of the plan of Fitzurse. 
27 For what is Waldemar thanked ? 

What light does John throw on his own nature here ? 
34 Why does the Prince color ? 

Can you account for Locksley's boldness in speaking 
with the Prince ? 
37 What is John's purpose in this statement ? 
38-66 Narrate the incidents of the archery contest. 

What kind of a person is Hubert ? 
67 How pleasing must Locksley's remark be to the Prince ? 



27 

Does this remind him of his fear that Richard may be 
near ? 

70 Is John going to York as Waldemar suggested ? 

Do yon infer that the loan spoken of in 69 is the one 
Isaac had in mind Chapter vii, 14 ? 

This is a famous chapter on account of the effect of climax 
in the way Scott has told of Locksley's successive shots. 
Is there any similar arrangement in his account of the Dis- 
inherited Knight at the tournament ? 

Define : innate 1, antipathies 1, minion 1, fief 2, fiefs of 
the crown 4, indubitable 5, camphire 12, seneschal 15, billet 
16, flox silk 19, fleur de lis 19, centrical 24, mummery 24, 
baldric 28, medallion 28, silvan 28, long bow 21, nobles 37, 
braggart 37, craven 39, buck 41, at rovers 42, precedence 42, 
provost 42, bugle 46, runagate 51, clout 55, shaft 62, jerkin 
63, whittle 63, chamberlain 69. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : room 4, gallant 7, execution 21, France 23, 
favour 32, round 41, round table 62, security 69, token 69. 

Translate : communis mater 6. 

Where is : Askalon 6, Holy City 6. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON VIII 

Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Write an exposition of the point of Lowell's ' The 
Vision of Sir Launfal.' 

(b) Write an exposition of the point in each of the di- 
visions of this poem and prepare to show the bearing of 1/ 
each on the point of the whole story. 

Class Work 

Reading of the papers and discussion upon the bearing of 
^ach division upon the point of the whole, and upon the use 
of suspense and contrast in ' The Vision of Sir Launfal.' 



Note to Teacher. — A lesson period should be given to a test here. 



28 

IVANHOE 
LESSON IX 
Chapter xiv 

1 What is meant by the tyranny of Richard the Third ? 
When did this monarch reig^n ? 

How could the entire town of Ashby belong to the 
Earl of Winchester ? that is, what was the feudal cus- 
tom in this regard? (See Montgomery's History of 
England.) 

Had King Richard the right to dispose of these terri- 
tories ? 
Has Prince John ? 

2 What is meant by the ' full authority of royalty' ? 
When did the Danes conquer England ? 

Give a short account of their power there. 

What characteristics of the Prince are manifested here 

and in 3 ? 

Why was it an obvious point of policy ? 

3 Where occurred a sentence in a former chapter telling 
us something of the same kind about John as is told 
in the closing sentence ? 

4 How can a Prince buy ' golden opinions ' ? 
How serious'was John's failure in Ireland? 

(See Green's Short History, Chap, in, Section 11.) 

5 Why does Scott particularly add 'without resentment' ? 
How long had the short cloaks been in fashion ? 

7 Compare this with what you know of the menu of a 
Roman banquet. 

What is meant by ' the banquet was crowned ' ? 
What touches of humor do you see here ? 

8 What contrast is drawn be^tween Saxon and Norman ? 
Might the last sentence apply to all John's conduct ? 

9 Comment on the expression 'it is well known.' Is the 
thing here stated a fact ? 

Is the etiquette of to-day less arbitrary and unreason- 
able than that in Cedric's day ? 



29 

Do you find humor in the sentence beginning, — ' Thus 
Cedric' ? 

10 How do you account for the conduct of Prince John ? 
What is the care that agitates his mind ? 

11 Is the health he proposes a tactful one ? 

What bearing- has the preceding sentence on this ? 
14 Have you understood before that Wilfred left home 

against his father's wishes ? (Compare Chapter ii, 46.) 

Who was Alfred ? 
19 How mvich since 11 has the Prince said that will annoy 

Cedric ? (State in Scott's words.) 

How does Cedric bear it ? What does the Prince care 

about Cedric's sanction? 

Has the fief been already conferred ? 
21 What spirit characterizes Cedric's retort to Front de 

Boeuf? 

Have you noticed this spirit in Cedric before ? 

23 Where have the cloaks been spoken of before ? 
23 — 27 Which of the remarks most annoyed Cedric ? 

How much courtesy is being shown by the people here, 
who are priding themselves on their knowledge of 
social usage ? 

24 What in Malvoison's comparison is uncomplimentary 
to Norman or Saxon? 

27 Is there truth in Bois Guilbert's sarcasm ? (Read any 
good account of the battle of Hastings.) 

28 Is Cedric's behavior here honorable to him ? 
What do you suppose Athelstane is doing ? 

29 Has Cedric surprised the Prince ? 
Is John annoyed at the rebuke ? 

31 How does Fitzurse compare with the others in good 

sense ? In tact ? 
33 Why is Cedric silent ? 
35 Is there any sting in the request of the Prince ? 

Where and what is it ? 

What name does the Prince expect ? Why ? 



30 



36 How do you reconcile Cedric's toast to Richard, and 
the praise of him, with 14? 

37 Why was it as unsafe to oppose, as to comply ? 

38 Has Cedricin truth requited the 'courtesy' of the Prince? 
What do you think of Athelstane ? 

40 Do you agree with the Prince here ? 
44 What is the 'event' ? 

47 What light is thrown on this by the last sentence in 50? 
50 How has the Prince lacked fortitude and perseverance 
in any scene you have read ? 

How has this chapter made more clear the difference 
between the Saxon and Norman ? 

Why does Cedric's toast to Richard make you admire 
Cedric ? 

Why does it increase your respect for Richard ? 
Define : high chamberlain 1, purveyors 2, obvious 2, for 
midable 2, civil commotion 2, dissimulation 2, levity 3, pet- 
ulance 3, fickle 4, dominating 4, indisposition 5, culinary 7, 
House of Anjou 6, simnel bread 7, wastel cake 7, sarcastic 
observation 9, pasty 9, beccaficoes 9, gluttony 9, quaff 10, 
precedence 23, pedigree 23, nidering 28, galleys 29, dissem- 
ble 33, prior 33, politic insinuation 36, flagons 41, foiled 48, 
recrimination 48, reanimate 49. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : crowned 7, luxurious 8, surfe;t 8, yield 12, 
homely 14, longitude 23, requited 38. 

Translate : conclamatum est, poculatum est, 41. 
Who is Charlemagne 5 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON IX 
Assignment for Pupils 

Write a little story to have a point like one of those that 
have been discussed in class. Be very simple and direct in 
your way of telling the story. Use little or no conversation. 
Do not express the point anywhere directly in words, bring 
it out by your story. 



31 



Class Work 

Stories to be read. Class to decide in each case upon the 
point which the writer had in mind. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON X 

Chapter xv 

1 Is the figure of the spider and his web one that inclines 
you to admire Fitzurse ? 

2 Is any clue given here to the real cause of Fitzurse's 
adherence to John's party ? 

What is the story of Duke Robert ? 
Summarize in your own words the argument Fitzurse 
has made for John. 
1-3 (a) You are told of what Fitzurse did in 1. 

(b) You are told of what Fitzurse said in 2. 

(c) You are told of the result in 3. 

Where do you find that he is tactful in act or word ? 

Where diplomatic ? 
5 Fitzurse ' uses mummery ' here scornfully as he did in 

Chapter xiii, 24. 

What kind of things does Fitzurse call * mummery' ? 

No other character has used this word. Why should 

Fitzurse alone be scornful ? Why not Cedric ? 
4-8 Do you think DeBracy and Fitzurse working for the 

same end ? 

Does the Prince trust them equally ? (Compare Chap- 
ter XIII, 21.) 

What proof have you that De Bracy is keen witted ? 
10 (Compare xiv, 26.) Does DeBracy wish Rowena for 

his wife ? 



32 

12 Is his manner of capturing her in keeping with any- 
thing he has said or done before ? 

13 What strange inconsistencies in the Prior's tale are 
alluded to here ? 

15-18 What in particular does De Bracy say or lead us to 
infer against the Saxons ? 
Why then does he wish to marry Rowena ? 
Which do you think has the more level head De Bracy 
or Fitzurse ? 
What is the reason for De Bracy's dress, mentioned in 4 ? 

20 Who planned the capture ? 

Whose plan is the marriage originally ? 

What characteristics of De Bracy are seen here ? 

21 What sarcasm in Fitzurse's remark? 

23 Is'Fitzurse right in ascribing folly and obstinacy to De 
Bracy ? 

24 Do you think De Bracy will 'win the smiles ' ? 

25 With what reflection does Fitzurse console himself ? 
Does this add to our knowledge of his character ? 

26 Scott here calls Fitzurse ' a statesman.' Has the story 
before this chapter prepared us to find him a states- 
man ? Where ? 

He also calls him 'wily.' Have you seen actions of 
Fitzurse justifying the name ? 

What words in this paragraph throw our interest for- 
ward ? 

The first fourteen chapters showed us characters, and 
narrated events in a straight-forward manner in the 
order of their ocourrence ; this chapter is called a chap- 
ter of intrigue. What does that mean, and in what re- 
lation do you judge that this chapter must stand to 
those that follow ? 
Define: cabal 1, construed 2, primogeniture 2, craven 5, 

feud 12, lineage 12, purvey 14, bullock 14, falcon ways 18, 

ravishers 18, onslaught 20, confederate 21. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 

words used: gambols 5, equipment 14. 



33 
Where is the Castle of Cardiff 2 ? 

Chapter xvi 

1 What do you know of the looks and of the ways of life 
of the wandering minstrels in Richard's day ? 
Where did the Black Knight go after his appearance 
at Ashby ? 

2 How much time has elapsed since the affairs of the 
preceding chapter? 

Does the Knight seem to be at home in this part of 

Yoikshire ? 

(Compare Ivanhoe in the woods about Rotherwood.) 

4 Where is Derbyshire ? Show it on your map. 

5 Have you known horses that possessed this power? 
(Last sentence.) 

What is the point in comparing the rock and bushes to 
a warrior's helmet and its plume ? 

Does Scott use as many figures as Coleridge ? Can 
you tell why ? 

8 Describe the things that seem to you unfamiliar or odd 
in the details of the ancient Saxon architecture of this 
building ? 

9 Remembering Coleridge's ' Hermit,' what kind of a 
man do you expect this hermit to be ? 

9-20 Compare the two in character, looks, words, acts. 
What induced such a man as this hermit to lead such 
a life ? 

20 Why should the hermit speak of a sword as a carnal 
weapon ? 

21 How strong is the Black Knight? 

22 What has caused the friar to alter his intention ? 
What need has a hermit for these dogs ? 

23 St. Dunstan is always being mentioned by the Saxons. 
Why should they honor him especially ? 

32-33 Are you interested in the description of the two 
men ? 
In which most ? Why ? 



34 

Do yoti think the Knig-ht's face shows him to be ' slug- 
gish,' as he is called ? 

35 Is this complimentary to the monk ? 

36 What is meant by the remark about pulse and water ? 
Compare 54. 

41 Why had not the friar brought out this food before ? 
Had he forgotten it ? Why bring it now ? 

48 Why is the hermit discountenanced ? 

49 How well does the knight understand the hermit ? 

50 When was the use of forks introduced ? 
56 What is the insinuation here ? 

59 Is the hermit's rebuke in the first sentence deserved ? 
Do you think the Black Knight will keep the promise 
he makes here ? 
What is the meaning of the last sentence of 59 ? 

63 What is the reference ? 

64 What need has the hermit of these things ? 

66 Has the hermit enjoyed the evening so far ? Why ? 
Has the Black Knight enjoyed it ? Why ? 
Are the Knight's intentions unfriendly ? Why ? 
Have you reason to think you know the hermit's true 
character now ? 

Do you know the Black Knight's true character ? 
What characteristics do you find in him ? 
Is he bold ? Where, if anywhere, do you see it ? 
Is he aggressive ? Where, if anywhere, do you see it ? 
Is he brave ? Where, if anywhere, do you see it ? 
Is he kindly ? Where, if anywhere, do you see it ? 
Has he a commanding personality ? Where, if any- 
where, do you see it ? 

Does he desire any favors from the Prince ? Where, 
if anywhere, do you see it ? 

What does he desire ? Where, if anywhere, do you 
see it ? 

Who was Friar Tuck ? 
Define : hostelry 1, devious 2, parry 3, sagacity 4, hermit- 
age 6, plat 7, concentric arches 8, butt 10, nurture 14, mor- 



35 

ass 18, sundry 18, rood 19, carnal 20, sack cloth 23, girt 23, 
baton 23, auxiliaries 23, missal 24, trivet 26, parched pease 
29, interim 30, provender 31, forage 31, charger 31, grist 31, 
laudable 32, corselet 32, pinfold 33, brawny 33, haunches 33, 
mastication 33, encomium 34, thriven 35. bout 35, laity 36, 
hutch 44, pasty 44, poniard 44, discountenanced 48, gage 52, 
stoup 52, runlet 52, ally 52, crypt 52, urus 53, disport 56, 
ciege 55, pattered 57, dun 57, scimitar 63, uncanonical 64, 
flagon 66. 

*In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: benighted 9, bewildered 9, patron 10, harbour- 
age 10, link 23, pulse 36, crave 37, canary 52, resolve 57. 

Translate : pater 16, aves 16, credo 16, waes hael 54, 
drink hael 55. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON X 
Assignment for Pupil 

The way of developing a story which uses suspense de- 
pends upon the reader's feeling of curiosity to keep him in- 
terested. 

Write a story upon one of the story points discussed in 
class and try to develop the point by suspense. The story 
should be short. Tell it simply. Use little or no conversa- 
tion in telling it. 

Class Work 

Reading of the stories. Class to discover the point in 
each case, and give criticism upon the extent to which the 
point has been successfully developed by suspense, that is, 
by rousing the feeling of curiosity. 



J 



36 

IVANHOE 

LESSON XI 
Chapter xvii 

2 What is the orig-in and history of the form * methinks '? 

3 Allan a Dale is a pretty and musical name. What are 
the letters that enter into its spelling ? How many 
vowel sounds does it have ? How many consonants ? 
What is a liquid consonant ? Are there any here ? 

Can you guess why this name should be so pleasing ? 

5 What explanation does Scott give in his note on this 
passage ? 

What is a ballad ? (Compare Century Dictionary.) 

6 Does the hermit hesitate to tell to this stranger on 
which side his sympathies are ? 

Can you see any reason for his fearlessness ? 

What is the reference to the Devil's hoof ? Why not 

foot ? 

7 What is a glee ? Then what is a gleeman ? 

8 How do you account for the Knight's voice having 
been trained ? Was it a usual knightly art ? 

10 What is the ' land of gold ' ? 
Why is it called so ? 

What opinion of the Crusader do you gain from lines 

3 and 4 ? 

Why can the knight feel no need of g"old ? 

Why light on this is given by 'save,' line 4 ? 

Why are they wealth enough ? 

11 What is meant by the ' The listed field at Askalon' ? 
13 Does this poem correspond with your definition of a 

ballad ? 

What inference do you draw from this song as to the 

character of the man who sings it ? Did Scott intend 

this ? 

Do men in our days go upon any quests which seem to 

you to call for so gallant and unselfish courage and 

endurance as the Crusader in this poem has been called 

to show ? 



37 

Do men in our day go on quests of which the reward 

is to be as the Crusader names his in 10 ? 

Is our day mercenary and lacking in beautiful ideals ? 

14 What points of humor here ? 

15 Is the comparison good ? 

How would you have answered the questions ? 

Does the hermit expect a reply ? 

What rhetorical device is this ? i. e., what is its name 

and use ? 

What information about the hermit do you gain here ? 

16 Does this reverence seem in keeping with what you 
know of this Knight ? 

17 What is added to your knowledge of the hermit ? 

19 Does from Byzantium to Spain tell us where the inter- 
est in Europe centered then ? 
Show on the map the country mentioned. 

21 Would the Knight feel any special interest in this ? . 

22-24 Was this true, do you suppose, of this friar ? 

25 What figure is used in the first line ? 

Which of the two songs pleases you best ? Why ? 
Do the two songs given in this chapter seem to you a 
fair representation of Scott's skill in poetry so far as 
known to you ? 

30 Compare this with Chapter xiii, 20. Is there any 
covert meaning here ? 

Was the Knight in earnest in his censure ? 

31 What reason has the friar for not being afraid ? 

32 How congenial do these two seem to be ? Do you 
think they have the same aims and standards of action ? 
Why do they get on together so well ? 

33 Give illustrations from Ivanhoe of the habit suggested 
in the last sentence. 

Define : harmony 1, assay 7, glee man 7, compass 8, 
foughten 9, trophies 10, feats 11, quell 13, demeaned 14, 
cadences 14, worshipful 14, ditties 15, prerogatives 17, jovial 
17, derrydown 18, evensong 20, wight 23, broach 24, un- 



38 

scathed 25, uncanonical 26, primes 27, massess 27, vespers 
27, impertinent 29, punctilio 29, cord 31, revels 32, pique 33. 
In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: wants 2, craft 3, took off 4, vulgar 5, mellow 
8, save 10, fired 11, listed 11, qualified 15, pricks 20, duty 27, 
speed 31. 

Translate : sirvente 5, oc 5, lai 5, oui 5, virelai5, exceptis 
excipiendis 29. 

Where is : Iconium 12, Byzantium 19 ? 
Who is : the Soldan 12, Paynim 12, Ariosto 33 ? 
Chapter xviii 

1 W^hat traits in Cedric are emphasised by this ? 
Where did we last see him ? 
Where did we leave Ivanhoe ? 

3 Do you think the disappearance of Ivanhoe a probable 
thing ? 

Would Gurth go willingly with Oswald ? 
Why should Oswald consider him a deserter ? 
Can you guess who was the lady ? 

4 Have you ever seen any one whose feelings changed 
as Cedric's do here ? 

What is meant by 'for nature asserted her rights' ? 

(Cf. Chapter ix, 24.) 

What difference in the feeling expressed ? 

5 How dare Rowena address her guardian so ? 
What characteristics does she attribute to Ivanhoe ? 
Have 3^ou seen them in him ? 

6 What induces Cedric to accept the invitation ? 

7 Is the plan of the Prince (Chapter xi, 24) succeeding? 
Is Rowena just ? 

8 Why is Cedric unjust ? 

12 Is this remark in keeping with w^hat you already know 
of Athelstane ? 

14 When did the ancestors come from Scandinavia ? 

What similarity can you see between the people de- 
scribed here and New Englanders of Cotton Mather's 
day ? 



39 

15 Is there any remnant of this superstition left in our 

day ? 
17 What does Wamba mean ? 
20 Was such conduct common at this period ? 

24 Do you think Gurth's feeling justified? 
What might even yet win his heart to Cedric ? 

25 Is Wamba tactful ? Where have you noticed this be- 
fore ? 

26 Do you know why Cedric cast the javelin so ? 

28 How is each of these persons interested in politics ? 

29 Why was Wilfred banished ? What characteristic of 
Cedric is shown ? 

30 What motive could be strong enough to make Cedric 
regard the will of Rowena ? 

31 Do you think most girls would take such a stand ? 

32 From 27 how has Scott managed to introduce all this 
explanation ? 

Why not give it before ? Why give it now ? 

State briefly Cedric's plan for the restoration of Saxon 

rule. 

What is Rowena's attitude toward it? What is Athel- 

stane's ? 

In view of the plan, has Cedric's education of Rowena 

been wise ? Why ? 

34 Which of the figures is most apt ? Where has Elgitha 
appeared before ? 

35 What interest in the next chapter is left in your mind ? 
How much of the facts about Cedric, Athelstane, Ro- 
wena, and Ivanhoe are given in this chapter ? 

How much plot has been used in it ? Has there been 
much action ? 

Does the action and language of Gurth seem imiformly 
in keeping with his character ? 

Define : serf 1, hypothesis 2, stoicism 4, dubiety 4, jug- 
gling 4, glaive 4, brown-bill 4, unauthorized 8, wreaking 9, 
placid 9, gyves 9, rere supper 12, refection 13, cavalcade 14, 



40 

omens 14, antiquities 14, piqued 14, scourged 33, malevo- 
lence 26, scion 30, frought 34, sumpter-mule 35. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following- 
words used : translated 2, litter 2, circumstances 6, motion 
33. 

Who is Hotspur 33 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XI 
Assignment for Pupils 

The way of developing a story which uses contrast de- 
pends upon the reader's interest being roused and kept by 
the strangeness and novelty of the arrangement of things 
not usually seen together, as is seen in some sudden change 
of fortune, or of conduct. 

Write a story upon one of the story points you have used 
before, try to develop it now by contrast. Its length should 
not exceed five hundred words at the outside. 

Class Work 

Reading of the stories. Class to discover the point in 
each case, and give criticism upon the extent to which con- 
trast has been successfully used to develop the point. 



IVANHOE 

LESSON XII 
Chapter xix 

1 Judging from Gurth's experience at Ashby have the 

travelers here cause for uneasiness ? 
3 Comment on Isaac's invocation as compared with that 

of the Friar, Chapter xvii, 31, and that of Gurth, 

xviii, 26. 



41 

4 Where before has Athelstane shown the same charac- 
teristic ? What is meant by \vho rob all the world' ? 

5 Does Cedric know who the man on the litter is ? Do 
you know ? 

6 What evidence of Rebecca's tact or of her cleverness 
is given here ? 

10 Is this the first time Wamba has made a stinging- re- 
tort ? Why is this stinging ? 

12 What qualities are shown in Rebecca here ? 

13 Do you think Gurth's release was intentional ? 

14 Why is he not followed and retaken ? What two rea- 
sons had he for wishing to escape ? 

15 What better plan can you think of ? 
Do you know who these outlaws are ? 

Beginning with the last paragraph of xviii how has 
Scott explained point by point the attack by the out- 
laws ? 

16 Show how the circumstances of the capture of each 
was expressive of his character ? 

19 Has Wamba shown his sincere attachment to Cedric ? 

20 Do you think some of the slaves of the South may have 
thought this at the close of the civil war ? 

27 Has Wamba a reasonable explanation ? 

28 Does Gurth understand Wamba' s ability ? 

32 Would you have expected a serf to give such an an- 
swer as this ? 
Compare your estimate of Gurth now and in Chap. i. 

34 What do you suppose brought Locksley here ? 

Explain how Locksley uses such a commanding tone. 

39 Does Gurth show good judgment here ? 

41 Why are we not told who the assailants are ? 

From this speech what conclusion may we draw of the 
allegiance and of the plans of the speaker ? 

43 Where has Wamba seen Locksley ? 

44 Where has Gurth heard that voice ? 

Does this explain how Locksley may be easily able to 
find out about the outlaws ? 



42 

45 Are Gurth and Wamba justly rebuked ? 

47 In what particular are Ivanhoe, the Black Knight, the 
Friar, and Locksley alike ? 
What reason has Gurth for his last remark ? 

Define : mercenaries 3, banditti 3, tilt-yard 4, list 4, runa- 
gates 5, dingle 15, impetuosity 15, baldric 33, pouch 37, 
stand fast 37, reconnoitring 37, arrant 38. halidome 38. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : embarrassed 27, fast 37, cow keeper 45. 

Who is : Ishmael 3, Saint George 15 ? 

Where is Doncaster 3, Mount Sinai 6 ? 

Chapter xx 

1 What distance might be covered by three hours good 

walking ? 
7 Where have we heard before of Allan a Dale ? 

11 Why is their ' honor concerned to punish them ' ? 
What has been revealed of Locksley' s identity ? 
Does this account for his skill with his bow ? 

Do you like him more or less for his connection with 
the outlaws ? 

12 When were we at the chapel of Copmanhurst ? 

13 What point in Wamba's remark ? 

Have you suspected what Wamba does ? 
What is meant by * black sanctus' ? 

17 What does this explain in a previous chapter ? 

18 From what chapter is the story resumed at this point ? 
What humor here ? 

19 Explain the Knight's last sentence ? 

21 Why sing this song ? 

22 Do you guess now why the friar was not hospitable to 
the Black Knight ? 

29 Is Locksley the keeper ? 

30 What is the point? 

31 What is indicated as to the frequency of Locksley's 
visits ? 

33 Why does the friar give his guest this name ? 



43 

34 Does Locksley understand ? 

46 What proof of Locksley's close observation is given ? 

49-53 Why is he bound by his vow ? 

51 Do you think this quite true ? 

52 To what nationality does Locksley evidently belong ? 

54 Will this statement incline the Black Knight to trust 
him ? 

55 Why had the Knight studied men ? 

57 Does Gurth love Cedric less than Wamba does ? 

60 How long before had Gurth met the outlaws at Ashby? 
What kind of a night was that ? 
Will you then expect moonlight now ? 

67 Can you assign any reason for the Knight's astonish- 
ment ? 

What in the close of this chapter carries our interest 
forward to the events still to be narrated ? 

Define : implicit 12, alacrity 12, black sanctus 13, trowl 
15, alien 18, calumniators 19, pewter 20, matins 22, potations 
23, wend 23, imports 26, orisons 33, militant 34, rosary 34, 
layman 34, prating 38, truss 41, sack 41, transmew 42, mot- 
ley 44, ally 56, partisan 58, vent 63, wenches 65, shave! ing 
67, blithe 67, king's highway 69, rendezvous 72. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : cocks comb 13, clerk 34, ring twelve 40, did 
41, points 41, liege 69. 

Translate : De proftmdis clamavi 21. 

Where is Watling street. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XII 
Assignment for Pupils 

A writer may use suspense and contrast together to de- 
velop the point of the story. This makes a complex treat- 
ment, and for a unified impression on the reader, one or the 
other, either suspense or contrast, must unmistakably domi- 
nate. 



44 

Contrast and suspense are both used in Hawthorne's 
Minister's Black Veil, and in The Great Carbuncle. 

Make a list of the examples of suspense you find in each 
story. 

Class Work 

Discussion of examples of the use of suspense and of 
contrast. 

Ten minute theme of exposition on the use of suspense 
and contrast togfether in one of the stories, class to mark 
the emphasis of the one or the other method in the success- 
ive paragraphs. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON XIII 
Chapter xxi 

1 Why did they not know the paths of the woods ? (Cf. 
Chapter xx, 1, 7.) 

What else detained them ? 

2 What is the second part ? Where were you told ? (Cf. 
Chapter XV.) 

4 What had made him change his plan ? 

5 Did it not concern the Templar ? 

8 What does the preceding- discussion show as to the 
relations in which the Templar and De Bracy stand to 
one another ? 

9 Has Bois Guilbert guessed truly ? 

What leads De Bracy to reveal his motive ? 
12 Has the Templar been trying to mislead De Bracy ? 

Why, then, avow the whole matter now ? 

Why mention especially the blue eyes ? 
18 Is this a good excuse ? 



45 

19-20 Is this alarming for Isaac's fortunes ? 
Does 20 explain 12 ? 

21 Does De Bracy show judgment here ? 

22 Does Cedric yet understand this capture ? 

Is what he says likely to do any good ? Why ? 

23 Describe the appearance of Front de Boeuf's castle ? 

25 What points in this speech seem fitting for a man like 
Cedric ? 

26 Why ' none but Athelstane' ? 

27 Why separate the captives ? 

30 Will these reflections be quieting ? 

44 When had all these matters occurred of which Cedric 

speaks from 30 to 44 ? 

In what channel have Athelstane's thoughts been run- 



mng 



Is Cedric just in his estimate of Athelstane ? 

Who was Hardicanute ? 
51 Can you guess why Cedric has been so patient with 

Athelstane ? 

What two instances are given of Cedric's forbearance ? 

What has been the reason in each case ? 

What then do you think controls all his actions ? 

What new interest in the coming chapters is given at 

the close ? 
Define: brimstone 7, recrimination 9, Grand Master 18, 
foray 20, pecadilloes 21, donjon 23, courtyard 23, moat 23, 
flank 23, barbican 23, battlement 24, augured 24, patrimony 

25, manned 26, drawbridge 26, Saxon pillars 26, refectories 

26, chapter house 26, lair 27, baronial 28, envoy 30, obei- 
sance 33, direful 40, emblazonment 42, fantastic 42, cringing 
42, subservient 42, rapacious 42, foreboded 42, sewer 45, 
negotiations 46, pottage 50, precincts 51. 

In what unusual sense or construction are the following 
words used : outward 23, leeches 31. 

Who is : Harold 30, Tosti 30, Hardrada 36, Hardicanute 44. 

Where is : Palestine 11, Northumberland 35, Norway 36, 
York 40, the Derwent 40, Sussex 40, Normandy 42 ? 



46 

Chapter xxii 

4 Who was Rembrandt and what is the style of painting 
for which he is famous ? 

What details in the description given from 1-4 might 
remind Scott of Rembrandt's pictures? 

5 Front de Boeuf has appeared before, where ? 
Why should Scott wait to describe him until now ? 

8 Front de Boeuf wishes Isaac's money, what device 
does he use to terrorize him into giving it promptly ? 
12 What is the Jew's feeling about the money i 

Is it just ? 
17 How much of what Front de Boeuf says here do you 
think is probably true ? 

Comment on the civilization of a time that could allow 
such conditions as those indicated from 1-17. 
24 Why did they take their directions from his eye ? 

(Compare Chapter v, 58, and vi, 33.) 
33 What has become of the wounded friend ? 
35 On what ground does Front de Boeuf think he should 

have Isaac's money ? Compare Chapter xxi, 20. ) 
41 What are the characteristics of the family life and affec- 
tion of the Jewish people ? 

Is Scott asking too much to ask us to think Isaac likely 
to say this ? Have you found noble traits in Isaac be- 
fore ? Where ? 
47 Does this speech show fear ? humility ? cowardice ? 
Which of the three characters might have said it ? 
Are you only sorry for Isaac, or do you like him ? 
Define : satiate 1, loop-hole 1, aperture 1, shackles 1, im- 
minent 3, contingent 3, aggression 3, fowler 3, expiry 4, 
pannier 6, doff 6, tithe 12, perjure 17, peremptory 17, option 
19, prelude 26, sinister 26, deign 30, Talmud 36, Passover 
36, impotent 47. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : seamed 5, satelite 7, extremities 50, 
Who is : Rembrandt 4, Israel 34. 



47 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XIII 
Assignment for Pupils 

The most interesting kind of story is one in which the 
point of the story is one that shows how happiness is lost or 
won. Do you see why this should be so ? 

Happiness may be lost or won by the circumstances or by 
the surroundings of a man, such as his wealth, or his fame, 
or his friends; and the point of a story may show how in one 
particular case happiness was lost or won in this way. 

Write a story having this kind of a point. Make it short 
as you can, but long enough to give you time to use both 
suspense and contrast. Be sure to emphasize one of these 
methods to such an extent that persons hearing your story 
may be in no doubt as to which you intend to emphasize. 

Class Work 

Let the stories be read, the class is to determine the point 
of each, writing it with the name of the story. 

These lists are to be handed to the teacher, who will read 
them in such a way as to allow a comparison of the decisions 
of the students in the case of each story read to the class. 
This will form a sufficient criticism and indication of merit 
in each case. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON XIV 
Chapter xxiii 

1 Describe the room in which the Lady Rowena is placed. 
In Chapter xxi, 27, the separation of Lady Rowena 
from her train is spoken of. What is said there which 
might lead us to expect some trying ordeal for her ? 
What is De Bracy hoping to gain ? 



4:8 

2 How long has Cedric's train been in the castle ? 

What has happened since they came? 

what is happening to the others of his party now? 
6 On what ground is Rowena justly offended ? 

8 What does she mean by the reference to chain and 
spurs ? 

9 Does De Bracy notice the point Rowena has made ? 
11 Is Rowena unjust ? 

16 Does Rowena either in 14 or 16 reply to the proposal 
of De Bracy to marry her ? 

25 Is Rowena mistaken in her belief? 

29 Scott says Rowena has been courageous ? If so, where ? 
and why do you call that a manifestation of courage ? 
Enumerate the various characteristics of Rowena shown 
by her in the conversation with De Bracy, to this point. 

26 Has Scott shown us De Bracy's reason for telling Ro- 
wena of Ivanhoe's presence in the castle ? 

Where did he learn of her interest in Ivanhoe ? 

29 Does it increase one's courage if one's friends believe 
in one ? 

Do you think Rowena's courage may be accounted for 
in this way ? 

30 When did her courage desert her ? 
Compare her in this respect with Isaac. 

33 Why does De Bracy find it difficult to design his pro- 
ject? and why difficult to prosecute it? 
De Bracy has shown himself cruel, bold, and insolent, 
would you expect tears to move such a man ? 
Who heard this horn beside De Bracy and Rowena ? 

34-37 These paragraphs form a digression, which Scott 
indicates in 34 seemed to him ' necessary'. Looking 
over what is said in them, try to decide why this di- 
gression, which interrupts the story at such an interest- 
ing moment, is necessary. 

Define : tapestry 1, nefarious 1, audacious 1, prosecute 2, 
confederates 3, quaint 3, embossed 3, doffing 4, jargon 6, 
troubadour 6, loadstar 7, certes 12, crowder 12, baffled 15, 



49 

vindicate 15, grange 15, contemn 16, doughty 20, barony 22, 
chamberlain 26, physiognomist 29, domination 30, fictitious 
30, indubitable 36, apocryphal 37. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : meeter 13. 

Who is : St. Michael 6, Henry 34, Stephen 35, Matilda 36, 
Edgar Atheling 36, Eadmer 37. 

What is : The Saxon Chronicle 35, The Wardour MS. 37. 
Chapter xxiv 

1 What in Rebecca's situation seems alarming ? 
4 Does Urfried sound like a Norman or like a Saxon 
name ? 

Has Urfried been beautiful ? Has she been powerful 
in her influence ? How do you know ? 
11 What relation has the digression at the close of xxiii 

to this ? 
13 What means of escape does Urfried name? 
What does Urfried' s story prove to Rebecca? 

18 Contrast the disposition of Rowena by nature with that 
of Rebecca. 

Contrast the training circumstances have given the two 
girls. (Compare Chapter xxiii, 29, 30.) 

19 Contrast the result in their ability to face danger with 
courage, and disaster with nobility. 

20 How did Rebecca show her good sense under the diffi- 
culties in which she is placed ? 

22 Do you know now who this man is ? 

Why is he dressed as one of the banditti ? 

24 How does this resemble De Bracy's remark to Rowena ? 
Are their remarks equally effective ? 

25 Why did Rebecca guess him to be Saxon ? 
27 How does she know him to be Norman ? 

34 The Templar here refers to Solomon as affording an 
example for him in that Solomon had many concubines, 
and justifies on that ground his intention of making 
Rebecca accept a position as his concubine. Do you. 
think he really believes what he says ? 



50 

35 Is Rebecca's reproof deserved ? 

Is it prudent ? ( Compare Rowena's reproof, xxiii, 14. ) 

36 Compare the Templar's throwing- off his mask of po- 
liteness with the same action of De Bracy, xxiii, 15. 

37 Does Rebecca seem to you cool and quick witted ? 

38 Why should the Templar wish Rebecca to embrace his 
religion ? 

40 What difference in the courage of Rebecca and Rowena ? 
Do you think Rowena could have done this ? Why ? 

41 W^ould tears such as Rowena's have moved the Tem- 
plar ? 

Is Rebecca right in her estimate of his honor ? 
43 Where did De Bracy say something that reminds you 

of this ? 
45 Does this remark seem to you worthy of a knight 

sworn to the service of God ? 
52 Do you think the Templar manly to blame his faithless 

sweetheart as the cause of all his wrong doing ? 

When he says his vengeance recoiled on himself do 

you think he tells the truth ? 
54 What are his aims ? How far has he fulfilled them ? 
56 The Templar says she who could prefer death to dis- 
honor must have a proud and powerful soul. Which 

of the other characters of this book do you think would 

make the same choice between death and dishonor ? 

Cedric ? Ivanhoe ? Rowena ? The Templar ? 
.58 What points does the Templar wish Rebecca to think 

upon ? 
.59 What is the ambition and why is it called furious ? 

Compare Rebecca's fortunes with that of the others, 

when the bugle sounded. 

Notice the close of Chapter xxi and xxii, what point 

in XXIII corresponds with these closing passages ? 

How many characters appear in each of the last four 

chapters ? 

How many people take part in the principal scene in 

^each of these four chapters ? 



51 

How many in each are you interested in seeing fortun- 
ate ? 

What do you think the bugle calls betoken ? the com- 
ing of good or of evil to the characters in which you 
are interested ? 

Do you not think it might be better if that same bugle 
call had not been used to interrupt all four of these 
scenes ? 

Why should Scott have placed the scene between Re- 
becca and the Templar last, as if he thought it the 
most powerful of all ? Why might not this place have 
been given as well to one of the other three chapters ? 
The last two chapters bring out marked contrasts in 
the characters of Rebecca and Rowena. How has 
Scott made you notice this particularly ? 
What similarity in the actions of the Templar and De 
Bracy ? 

Would the two chapters be less successful if this simi- 
larity did not exist ? 

From the beginning of the story to this point have the 
fortunes of those characters in whom we are interested 
been improving ? 

Do the wishes of each one of them seem more, or less, 
likely to be gratified than when they ate supper to- 
gether at Rotherwood ? 

We have now reached the middle of the story, and the 
turning-point or climax of a story should be in the 
middle of it. If the climax of this story is here, do 
you think the bugle call has anything to do with it ? 
How could the bugle call be a beginning of a real 
change in the fortunes of those characters in whom we 
are interested, so that they will, each one of them, 
have their dearest wishes gratified ? 

Define: sequestered 1, sibyl 1, writhed 17, supercilious 17, 
subservience 18, arbitrary 18, embattled 20, bartisan 20, 
parapet 20, embrasures 20, Gentiles 21, alchemist 26, alem- 



52 . 

bic 26, Preceptory 34, abate 36, intrigue 38, craven 39, crest 
43, armada 56, league 56, batoon 56, conclave 58, indemnifi- 
cation 58, touchstone 58, sect 59. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following- 
words used: outlandish 7, pitch 18, civil 25, reversed 45, 
mailed 56. 

Who is : Zernebock 5, Damocles 17, Sirach 34, Ecclesi- 
astica 34. 

Where is : Languedoc 30, Landes of Bordeaux 52, Castle 
52, Byzantium 52. 

Translate : despardieux 30, par amours 30. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XIV 
Assignment for Pupils 

It is not only the circumstances, or surroundings, of a man 
through which his happiness may be lost or won. A man's 
character is a power within himself which may either make 
or destroy his happiness. So his faithfulness, or his loyalty, 
or his kindness, or his unselfishness, or his ambition, or his 
industry, or his envy, or his revenge, may any of them prove 
to be that influence through which the happiness of a man 
was lost or won. 

Write a short story, let it have a point that shows how 
happiness was, in the case of the principal character, lost or 
won through one of these powers within the man's own 
heart. 

Develop the point by contrast and by suspense, empha- 
sizing suspense. 

Class W^ork 

(a) Write an exposition of what you understand by the 
phrase 'the point of a story,' explain the kind of point that 
will make an interesting story, and show that there are two 
great divisions under which such points are grouped, and 
illustrate the groups by giving examples of points falling 
under^each. (Ten minutes.) 



53 

(b) Reading of the stories in class, with class taking notes 
as in the last lesson, for comparison of judgment in phrasing 
the point of the story in each case. 



IVANHOE 

LESSON XV 
Chapter xxv 

1-7 Do you find humor in the conversation of De Bracy 

and the Templar ? 

Has this characterized their former conversations with 

one another ? 
9 Show that Front de Boeuf enters as one who is master 

of the castle. 
10 Why does not Front de Boeuf read the letter ? How 

does he know it to be in Saxon ? 
17-20 Why is this letter sent in the name of Wamba and 

Gurth ? 

If the bugle announcing this defiance proves to be the 

turning-point of the story is it not strange that Scott 

should not have dignified so serious a matter as the 

defiance by heading it with names such as that of th^ 

Black Knight or of Locksley ? 
20-40 What do you see that is characteristic of the Tem- 
plar, De Bracy, and Front de Boeuf, in the way each 

takes this letter ? 

Which thinks of the matter more seriously ? 

Which shows the most good judgment and practical 

sense ? 

Who devises the plan ? Who takes the active part in 

carrying it through ? 
42 What effect do you think this letter is likely to have 

on Gurth ? On Wamba ? 



51 

45 In the equipment of these bands do you find the requi- 
site named in 33 ? 

55 What could Locksley do ? 

56 Why does the knight wish to know how the case stands 
in the castle ? 

60 What is meant by wearing russet ? 

62 What does Gurth mean ? 

Define: obstreperous 1, water fiend 5, cartel 14, trysting 
19, hieroglyphic 20, jocularity 21, cloth-yard 28, carousals 
37, mammocks 54, nonce 58. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: wager 19, fact 24, crown 28, crook 47, ghostly 
60. 

Who is: St. Niobe 5, Appollyon 6? 

Translate : pax vobiscum 65. 

Chapter xxvi 

2 Does the jester play his part well ? 

4 Does this sound more like Wamba ? If so, where ? 

7 Where did Wamba get his Latin ? (Compare xxv, 48.) 

Do you think Scott here forgot himself ? 
11 Did you think there were so many ? 
21-23 How well do you think Athelstane behaves ? 
27 To what advice does Wamba refer ? 
41 Did Wamba tell Front de Boeuf the truth in 11 ? 

Is Wamba likely to lose his life ? 

Is he in fact flinging it away, as he says ? 
43 Look back over Cedric's speeches since 29 and find 

what decided him to accept Wamba' s sacrifice. 
47 Does the instruction of Wamba sound easy to carry 

out? 
53 ' In those days' was it really as Scott insinuates ? 

57 Is Cedric likely to get himself into trouble by his short 
temper now ? Does he act his part as well as the fool 
did? 

What has this chapter added to one's opinion and 
knowledge of Cedric ? of Wamba ? of Athelstane ? 



I 



Define : warder 3, hare-brained 6, gratuitous 20, shuttle- 
cock 38, stool ball 38, bauble 41, mincing 44, psuedo 51. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : shaft 5, commons 11, gear 24, long leap 29, 
chain 31, knave 47 ? 

Translate : quidam viator incidit in latrones 7, nomen illis 
legio 9, cor meum eructavit 11, basta 38, et vobis quaeso, 
domine reverendissime, pro misericordia vestra 51. 

Who is : Odin 5, Thor 57 ? 

Explain : Ifrin 57. 

Chapter xxvii 

3 Who spoke before of that priest ? 

5 Why would Cedric have avoided it ? 
Why does he comply ? 

6 Compare xxi, 30. Was Ufried once as high in station 
as Rowena ? 

Do you think she may have been as beautiful ? 

7 Why should Cedric recede ? 

13 Do you remember what has been said by the Templar 
in praise of Rebecca's choice in a similar case ? 

14 Are you not surprised that Ulrica says that would be 
justice ? 

Do not the Templar and Ulrica, evil as they are, still 
value virtue and nobility of soul ? 

19 Who is the 'sainted Edward' and what is the reference ? 

20 Is this the question named in 3 ? 

28 Do you think a man like Cedric, as he describes him- 
self in 25, is one to fancy what the guilty suffering of 
Ulrica may in truth be ? 
Did Cedric show her the means of revenge ? Where ? 

33 Is Cedric prudent ? Why does he say this ? 

43 Is Cedric speaking truth ? 

45 Are you not afraid Cedric will even yet get into trouble ? 

56 Show how at each point Cedric, while telling the truth, 
has escaped its probable consequence. 
Is this through his cleverness or his good fortune ? 



56 

57 What do you suppose he means by *at the worst I can 
but treat,' etc.? 

58 In what respect was Cedric the most important ? 
Have you found Front de Boeuf clever and energetic 
in this whole matter ? 

63 What is Front de Boeuf's first thought in explanation 

of Wamba's presence ? 
66 What does Wamba mean ? 

69 Does Front de Boeuf disagree with him ? 

70 What is the meaning of the jest about the red cap ? 
72 What does Wamba mean ? 

101 Look over De Bracy's speeches in this chapter, are 
they saucy and light hearted in a boyish way ? Where 
before have you seen boyishness in him ? 
120 What characteristics has Scott given the three who de- 
fend the castle ? 

Name the principal incidents of this chapter. 
Do they all belong to one central incident ? 
Is this chapter as interesting as xxv or xxvi ? Why ? 
Do you think the bugle call did introduce a change for 
those we are interested in ? 
Define : avidity 5, stupifies 5, conviviality 5, complaisance 
5, decrepit 6, impotent 6, requiem 11, execration 11, inscru- 
table 14, fomented 14, meed 19, viper 28, mangonel 28, scol- 
lop-shell 29, onslaught 30, howlet 36, harrying 36, fortalice 
42, scroll 42, breviary 43, runagates 44, wallets 48, vigil 50, 
-primes 50, barbican 52, sallyport 52, shambles 53, armoury 
57, stoup 57, doit 59, biggin 59, gross 69, Witenagemot 89, 
tine 97, ire 104, caitiff 104, infesters 105, budgets 108, man- 
telets 110, pavisses 110, seething 115, prating 117, dotard 
117, rout 118, nilding 123. 

In what unusual sense or construction are the following 
words used : heedfully 1, bodkin 13, mails 48, drench 53, 
brother 76, mould 78, wildly 95, underliest 96, bolts 115, 
villain 121, superior 116 ? 

Who are : Woden 20, Hertha 20, Mista 20, Skogula 20, 
Saint Augustin 102 ? 



57 

Translate : surquedy 58, outrecuidance 58, De Civitate Dei 
102, Sancta Maria 104, si quis, suadente Diabolo 104, Le 
Noir Faineant 122. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XV 
Assignment for Pupils 

We have seen that happiness may be imperilled either by 
circumstances outside the person, or by character within 
him. 

The peril to his happiness may in either case approach 
him in two quite different ways. It may come in such a 
way that every one can recognize its coming, as a city knows 
itself in danger when an army is beseiging its walls. But 
peril may assail a man's happiness in such a way that its 
approach is unsuspected by him. So a city may be imper- 
illed in unsuspected ways, as when spies have entered, or 
mines are laid beneath its walls unknown to its citizens, or 
when a ship brings a cargo of goods that spread a fatal dis- 
ease. 

The second kind of peril always seems the more interest- 
ing to us when we are reading a story. 

Write a short story of happiness that was lost by the in- 
sidious and unsuspected approach of peril to one's circum- 
stances or surroundings, as, for instance, to one's wealth, 
or power, or fame, or friends. 

Class Work 

Reading of the stories. The class to decide on the point, 
and on the development by contrast or by suspense. Write 
out the decision in each case as in Lesson xiii. 



■ o8 

IVANHOE 
LESSON XVI 
Chapter xxviii 

9 Have you known before of Rebecca's skill ? 
10 What were the apprehensions ? 

14 In this respect what comparison between the circum- 
stances of Rowena and of Rebecca ? 
23 Why does she hasten to tell who she is ? 

Why call herself 'a poor Jewess' ? 
25 Has Rebecca inherited from Isaac any of these fine 

qualities ? 

Note 2 in this chapter and name other passages. 
27 Compare 13 and 14 with what Rebecca says in 27. 

Why does she not say more of her skill ? 
32 Has Ivanhoe any idea what Rebecca will ask ? Had 

you ? 

Is this quite in her character ? 

Would she care for the money he offered (30) ? How 

do you know ? 
37 Is this quite true ? Why ? 
42 Why did they want the money in haste ? 

51 Does Ivanhoe seem to have gfood cause for despair ? 

52 How does it seem now that Rebecca interprets his life ? 
In 13 she is said to have an apt and powerful mind, 
are both gifts shown here ? 

The first sentence in this chapter announces that we 
are to go back for certain reasons. Would we not 
rather go on ? Why need we go back ? Why might 
not Scott have introduced all this information immedi- 
ately after the tournament ? What chapter would it 
then follow ? and what precede ? 

Define: importunity 1, hacqueton 3, opine 5, elixirs 9, 
voluptuary 10, initiated 11, occult 12, cabalistic 12, usurer 12, 
fanaticism 13, vulnerary 15, annunciation 15, phials 15, sooth 
16, natheless 16, succoureth 16, heady 17, caftan 20, reproba- 
tion 25, slot-hound 51, stigmatized 55, satelites 55, fief 57, 



59 

notoriety 57, leaguer 58, stentorian 58, arblasts 60, wind- 
laces 60. 

In what unusual sense or construction are the following 
words used: retrograde 1, giveth 9, habits 18, sensible 25, 
steward 42, horn 52, quarrels 60? 

Where is : Edom 7, Idumea 16 ? 

Who is : Juvenal 54 ? 

Chapter xxix 

1 This gives information about Rebecca, what new char- 
acteristics does it show in her ? 

3 What men were they ? Has Ivanhoe been observant ? 

4 Compare Chapter xxii, 31. Does Ivanhoe or Isaac 
show more unselfishness ? 

5 Suppose Cedric had gone with Rebecca to see the 
wounded Knight, what do you think he and his son 
would have to say to each other ? 

Why, then, did not Scott bring Cedric to Ivanhoe's 

bed? 

Why have Rebecca stop him and ask that he come ? 

7 What has the seige to do with Ivanhoe's identity being 
undiscovered by Front de Boeuf ? 

How has the seige favored Rebecca ? 

8 What characteristics of Ivanhoe are shown here ? 
Where is the sublime passage referred to ? 

10 Do you think Ivanhoe has been in such encounters be- 
fore ? Why ? 
. 13 Did Rebecca realize her danger ? 

20 Do you know who this Knight is ? 
Why did not Ivanhoe recognize him ? 
Why did not Rebecca recognize him ? 

27 Why should there be but one cry from the assailants 
and many differing ones from the beseiged ? 

29 Where have we read of another game of life and death 
played out for a man by others ? 

38 Is Ivanhoe mistaken in the reason for Rebecca's re- 
tirement ? 



60 

46 Is Ivanhoe right in saying ' this is no time for such 
thoughts' ? 

50 What is it now that makes Ivanhoe think he knows 
who the Black Knight is ? 

54 Are you expecting Rebecca to faint ? 

56-58 Ivanhoe says Rebecca has painted a hero ; look 
over the passage and decide what qualities Ivanhoe 
thinks a hero should have. This account of the battle 
is famous. Read for comparison with it the battle of 
Flodden from Scott's Marmion, or the battle of Water- 
loo in Victor Hugo's Les Miserables, or the Chariot 
Race in Ben Hur. 

Can you tell why in them all we are more interested 
in the soldiers' gallantry than in the actual outcome of 
the battle ? 

60 Do you think it has added to our interest in the battle 
to see it through the eyes of Rebecca ? Compare in 
this respect with the story of Bluebeard. 
Notice the points at which Rebecca's account is touched 
by a style that is Scriptural ? 
Have any other characters in Ivanhoe used this style ? 

61-64 With which side of the argument do you agree ? 
Why ? If you hold still another opinion on this ques- 
tion, state what it is. 

65 Were not the Saxons also a conquered people ? Why 
should they despise the Jews ? 

66 Rebecca is called high-minded. What in 65 has called 
out this praise of her ? In 7 of this chapter a similar 
expression is used. What traits do you think such a 
mind must possess ? 

Is Rebecca embittered ? Has she reason to be ? 

67 What does she mean by fantastic chivalry ? 

69 What is Rebecca expecting as the fate of Ivanhoe ? 
What then for herself ? 

If death comes do you think she can die as bravely as 
she said in 67 ? 
Do you think she remembered Rowena there ? 



61 

What has this chapter told us of the characters of Ivan- 
hoe and Rowena that we did not know before ? 
Why should Scott choose these two characters to view 
the battle rather than any of the others ? 
Why not Wamba and Athelstane, for instance ? 
Define : warder 3, beleaguered 4, affray 8, buckler 14, vul- 
nerable 15, fetterlock 23, shacklebolt 23, azure 23, kettle- 
drum 27, breach 29, blench 36, derring-do 56, assoilzie 57, 
hatchment 62, emprize 64. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following- 
words used : lattice 14, steel 41, flame 64, sufferance 69 ? 
Who are : Hereward 64, Maccabeus 65, Gideon 65. 
Translate : En avant 27, a la recousse 27, melee 60. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XVI 

Assignment for Pupils 

Write out an account of an incident showing that happi- 
ness is sometimes lost by the insidious and unsuspected 
approach of peril to one's inner life ; as, for instance, to 
one's loyalty, or one's honesty, or unselfishness, or industry. 

Develop this point by contrast and by suspense, and use 
exposition in the account. 
Class Work 

(a) Reading of the stories. The class is to make notes of 
(1) the name of the story, (2) the point, as they understand 
it, (3) the means of development, (4) the place at which 
exposition is used, and (5) whether it was needed for our 
understanding the story. 

A ten minute theme of exposition upon the use of exposi- 
tion to a writer of stories. 

Note to Teacher : — At this point a lesson period should 
be given to a test on Ivanhoe and another to a test on the 
Composition and Rhetoric so far studied. 



K 



Note to Teacher. — A lesson period should be given to a test here. 



62 

IVANHOE 
LESSON XVII 
Chapter xxx 

1 What advantage has been secured ? 
What defence needs to be strengthened ? 

3 How much does the Templar care ? 

4 When did Front de Boeuf do this ? 

6 If there is any choice between these two, which do you 

think the worse ? Why ? 

Is the Templar a heretic ? Why do you think so ? 
8 What is meant by being armed in proof ? 

Does De Bracy speak with seriousness ? 
10-11 Who do you think judges best here? 

15 The rest of this chapter is on Front de Boeuf's dying 
hours. Why has the chapter begun by telling us of 
the plans for the defense of his castle ? 

Is there any breach of unity in this chapter, then ? 

16 Have you had any hint before this of Front de Boeuf's 
avarice ? ■ 

17 If he does not believe in religious forms why does he 
wish for a priest ? 

18-21 Is Front de Boeuf superstitious ? 

Is this his evil angel ? Why ? 
22 What are the horrors that hover round him ? 
23-24 Does Front de Boeuf show courage ? 

With whom does he think he speaks ? 
24 Why the order, 'thou liest,' 'not I,' ' not I alone' ? 

that is what is indicated in this as to the thoughts of 

the speaker. 
26 What excuse does Front de Boeuf offer ? 

28 Why should there be * a long pause' ? 

Does this throw any added light on Ulrica's story ? 

29 Is Front de Boeuf less distressed when he knows it is 
Ulrica who torments him ? 

40 Was Ulrica's vengeance in keeping with her character? 
Do you know whether she is suffering too ? 



I 



63 

Do you think she planned this before she talked with 

Cedric? 

Do you think she could have carried it out if Front de 

Boeuf had not been wounded ? 

Why does she lock the door ? (Compare 35.) 

From what two sources does his suffering- come ? 

Who had made it possible for him to be tormented in 

these two ways ? 

Why is his punishment fitting ? 

Define : bruit 6, heretic 6, malapert 8, doughty 11, bestead 
12, bigots 16, inveterate 17, presentiment 17, rood 18, un- 
shriven 18, unhouseled 18, engrained 25, parricide 27, om- 
niscient 28, grisly 33, beacon 36, diabolical 36, incarnate 36, 
vaulted 39, double-locked 40, recreant 40, annihilation 40, 
frenzy 40. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : shrewdly 6, making-good 7, compound 10, 
composition 11, ghostly 18, close 18, magazine 37, avoid 40. 

Translate : benedicite 6. 

Who was : Hengist 36, Horsa 36 ? 

Chapter xxxi 

At the close of xxx what added reason had you for 
thinking the bugle call of xxi-xxiv had indeed been a 
signal of change in the fortunes of the characters we 
are interested in ? 

Is it to. their advantage that Front de Boeuf is dying 
and that Ulrica means to destroy the castle by fire, 
having first helped the Saxons to enter ? 
Are you sure yet that all can be saved ? 
Upon what must their safety now depend ? 
Why then does Scott transfer his story to tell us of 
these outside the castle walls ? 
1 What was Ulrica's message ? 
Why was not Cedric confident ? 
14 What important affairs has this knight to attend to ? 
Can you guess ? 



64 

18 How do you think the knight estimates Cedric's cour-^ 

age? 

What do you think of his repeated refusals to assume 

command ? 
22 Of what is the red flag a signal ? 
24 Where have we learned of Locksley's markmanship 

before ? 

27 What was the difference between English and Spanish 
mail ? 

28 When did we last hear of Gurth ? Why is he called 
faithful ? 

29 Are you surprised to hear this ? Why ? 

32 Where have you seen this stern coolness before ? 

35 Just what is the plan ? 

What would happen if the Templar failed him ? 

36 What does the Templar mean by ' hand and glove ' 
41 How does the plan turn out ? 

44 Can you guess what was whispered ? 

46 Why does the Black Knight use a tone of authority ? 

47 Why does De Bracy mention at this moment the fact 
that Ivanhoe is a prisoner in the castle ? 

Why had he kept Ivanhoe a prisoner ? 

Why had he not revealed his identity to Front de Boeuf ? 

51 Why did the knight say * I trust thee not' ? 

52 Have you feared this for Ivanhoe and Rebecca ? 

55 Where is Isaac ? 

What chance of escape has he ? And Rowena ? And 
Athelstane ? And Wamba ? 

56 What has the Templar promised De Bracy to do ? Has 
he done it ? 

Why then is he here ? 
58 Do you think the Templar means to be cruel ? 
66 Is this a fit ending for such a castle ? 
68 Where before this have you noticed how quick witted 

Wamba is ? Is this your idea of a fool ? 

Who rescued Rowena ? 



65 



74 How do you account for Athelstane's unusual activity 

and energy ? 
80-83 Has the Templar kept his promise ? 

Does he understand what De Bracy means ? 

Why dares not De Bracy say more ? 

How should the Preceptory be cover sufficient ? 
'85 When the Templar rides away what is left of those 

who defended the castle ? Explain then the first sen- 
tence of this paragraph. 
86-89 Give in your own words the thought of Ulrica's 

chant. 

This last chapter on Torquilstone is the eleventh that 
has to do with the seige. Why should this occupy so 

large a section in the middle of the book ? 

In what respect has each character we are interested 

in met misfortune at Torquilstone ? 

How many of them have been succoured from their 

worst fortunes ? 

What difficulties still beset them ? 

Which of our favorite characters have not been suc- 
coured from their worst fortunes ? 

To what extent have the characters we dislike met 

misfortune ? 

What then still remains to be done in this novel ? 

(a) for our favorites. 

(b) to those we dislike. 

Was the bugle call a turning point for both sets of 

characters ? 

Show reason for your answer. 

Has any character been introduced who has not pleased 

us by some act or quality ? 

How then has Scott made us wish some to succeed 

and some to fail ? 

The first six chapters of this book are at Rotherwood, 

then there are eight chapters at Ashby, then there are 

five in the forest, then eleven at Torquilstone. 



J 



6Q 

Can you see just what Scott has done for the story by 
each one of these groups of chapters ? 

Define: facilitate 1, guild 5, flitch 5, halberd 5, jot 8. 
gammon 9, veteran 12, moat 13, sallyport 14, quell 14, ram- 
part 14, van 15, hauberk 16, corselet 16, barbican 19, preca- 
rious 19, counterpoise 19, coping-stones 21, sendal 27, par- 
ried 41, poniard 42, churl 43, augmented 52, weal 56, recks 
58, foil 60, ravisher 63, shot hole 66, quest 67, indomitable 
70, fray 70, sedulously 71, bauble 73, demi-courbette 76, 
trenchant 77, maligners 78, guise 81, furies 85, scalds 85, 
strophes 85. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : want 5, strait 5, offensive 12, diversion 13, 
target 16, pinnacle 21, give ground 25, mark 34, chivalrous 
41, quarter 51, sensible 52, prove 56, shore 77, engines 89, 
partition 90 ? 

Translate : Deus vobiscum 73. 

Where is : Limoges 33 ? 

Who are : the Fatal Sisters 85 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XVII 
Assignment for Pupils 

/ Find in Ivanhoe six examples of the use of exposition, 
/and be able to show in each case just how it helps the story 
along at that point. 

Find also six examples of the use of description, and pre- 
pare yourself to show in each case just how it helps the story 
at that point. 

(The chapters of Ivanhoe can be assigned in groups of 
five, to three or more students, in order that variety may be 
given to the recitation, and originality of thought encour- 
aged.) 

Students will all bring copies of Ivanhoe to class. 
Class Work 

The recitation will be on Scott's use of exposition and 
description, taking the chapters in order. 



67 

IVANHOE 

LESSON XVIII 
Chapter xxxii 

1 How long- did the siege of Torquilstone last ? 
3 What gain to the outlaws from it ? 

Are yon not surprised to find law among outlaws ? 
Why? 

8 Can you see why they should care for him ? 

9 Why divide with Cedric ? Why not with the Black 
Knight ? 

10 Why will not Cedric share the spoil ? 
13 Who is hit by this remark ? 

16 Can you see why Cedric should be more moved now ? 

17 Why does not the jester ask something for himself ? 

18 Is this freeing Gurth a sudden impulse on Cedric' s 
part ? 

Was it unexpected to Gurth ? When Rebecca gave 
Gurth the money, what did he plan to do with it ? 
Chapter xi. 
How large a farm is now given Gurth ? 

23 Do you think Wamba wishes freedom ? 

Does the freeing of Gurth show any change in Cedric's 
feelings toward Ivanhoe ? 

24 Cedric says Athelstane is dead, did Scott say so in 
Chapter xxxi ? Why ? 

25 How many instances of Saxon generosity has the chap- 
ter so far furnished us ? 

Where did we last see Rowena ? 

Is her conduct toward the outlaws what you would 
have expected of her ? How do you explain it ? 
Compare it with her manner toward De Bracy in Chap- 
ter xxiii and in this Chapter, 28-31. 

32 What does Wamba' s remark mean ? 

39 Where has this pressing business been mentioned be- 
fore ? 



6S ■ 

41 What does the Black Knight wish that Cedric can 
grant ? 

Do you not think Cedric rashly impulsive in promising? 

42 What does Cedric mean by funeral banqueting ? 

47 Notice the difference between Cedric and the Black 
Knight in the acceptance of the proffered spoil. Can 
you account for this ? 

Let your answer cover also the gift of the horn and 
baldric, 52-53. 

These were not part of the booty. Where did Lock- 
sley get them ? 
What traits of character have you found in Locksley ? 

49 What worse thing is meant ? 

50 Why did not De Bracy thank the Black Knight ? What 
would have been his fate if the Black Knight had not 
freed him from the outlaws ? 

58 Would you have expected so careful and systematic a 
division of the spoil ? 

60 What in the office would cover irregularities ? 

63 Have you missed Isaac ? 

Are you glad he is safe ? Why ? 

73 The friar says he has converted Isaac. Does this para- 
graph show it to be true ? 

83 Scott has a note here on an incident in Richard's life. 
What is it ? 

92 Does this not seem a curious way to end unkindness ? 
Has this chapter had most to do with principal or sec- 
ondary characters ? 

What event of importance does it record ? 
In what respect, then, is the situation changed by it ? 
What do you judge to be its purpose ? 

97 Are you surprised to see Prior Aymer ? Where did 
you hear of him last ? What do you think became of 
that speaker ? 
To whom do you think Locksley referred in 60 ? 

Define : hind 1, fawn 1, covert 1, hart 1, trysting tree 2, 
booty 3, silvan 4, amphitheatre 4, reck 5, chaplain 5, curtal 5, 



(19 

abidden 5, smack 6, forefend 7, enow 7, hard 10, motley 13, 
vocation 17, folk free 18, sacless 18, hide 18, malison 18, 
gainsays 18, pikes 24, brown bills 24, walks 25, range 25, 
j,{reenwood 26, peradventure 39, gatmtleted 40, gage 41, do- 
nation 45, propined 45, bier 45, spontaneous 45, execration 
50, censure 50, fox-earths 50, brakes 50, league 50, bestead 
53, mots 53, strikers 56, laudable 58, equitably 58, bluff 60, 
stentorian 62, burly 62, crowder 63, lay 64, wet mass 64, 
halberd 65, recant 67, conformable 67, profanation 68, cellar- 
age 69, mulled 69, thunder dint 69, Levin fire 69, beshrew 
69, gormandizing 71, prelate 73, ruth 75, mell 78, maugre 
78, vigil 81, buffet 82, usury 83, felled 88, mumbled 92, 
nether 92, barter 92, ransom 92, pratest 94, totty 94, gibest 
94, hilding 97, cardecu 97, pyet 97. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : walks 1, plate 3, thought 5, waked 16, nature 
16, pleasure 17, stead 18, to do 20, want 22, as now 39, godly 
63, ware 69, to seek 69, commodity 69, humming 69, sack 
69, gear 78, cuff 83, traffic 83. 

Translate : Theow and Esne 18, credo 65, pater 65, ave 
Maria 65, quandam 81. 

Who is : Aldhelm 23, Saint Hermangild 63, Sathanas 65 ? 

Where is : Malmsbury 23, Trent 53, Tees 53 ? 

Chapter xxxiii 

2 Do you think the Prior's offer will be accepted ? Does 
he ? Why does he make it ? Does he forget that he 
is a prisoner ? 

3 Is Locksley in earnest ? 

7 Does this surprise you ? Did it surprise the Prior ? 
9 What is the covert threat here ? Has it anything to do 
with Allan a Dale ? 

18 Why does the outlaw let him try the horn ? 

19 Why did he shake his head ? In what has the Prior 
failed ? 

22 What advantage does the captain see in this sugges- 
tion ? 



27 What is meant by the wines they have license to drink? 

33 Why does the Prior offer to go ? 

35 Why is Isaac willing- to do this ? 

,52-54 Is Locksley just ? 

61 Does he understand the Prior ? 

How does he succeed in making Isaac do as he wishes 

him to do ? 

64 What plan has Isaac to keep Locksley quiet about that 
treasure vault ? 

65 Why did Locksley volunteer to aid Isaac ? 

72 Which side is likely to have more weight with Prior 

Aymer ? 
76 Why is Isaac silent now ? 
84 Why worse grace here ? 
87-96 Is this simply a comic interlude, or do you think it 

has to do with the story ? 

Do you think the outlaws have treated the Prior badly? 
95 Why is it best not to provoke the Friar ? 

102 What does the Jew mean about Diccon ? 

103 Do you think the gold he spared would cause him 
agony? Where have you seen that in Isaac which 
makes you think so ? 

Chapters xxxii and xxxiii have been less serious than 

some of the preceding chapters. What has been done 

in them to forward the interest of our chosen characters ? 

Why do you think Scott chose to do this by the lively 

and humorous scene in the forest ? 

What were Chapters xxx and xxxi about ? 

Has it been pleasant to find yourself in the forest again 

with the lively and gallant outlaws ? 

Is it likely that this is a pleasure Scott himself enjoyed 

in writing his story ? 

Define : deranged 1, cope 2, placable 2, Pentecost 2, 
gymmal 4, pouncet box 4, crisping tongs 4, buxom 11, to 
boot 11, cassock 12, morris dancers 13, recheat 20, venerie 
20, abbey stead 24, lees 24, chancel 25, pyx 33, coUop 34, 



1 

choler 40, prelate 42, caitiff 42, assessors 44, sendal 48, stag 
royal 54, heinous 54, rating 54, gyves 61, dormouse 65, pol- 
icy 65, brace 69, dortour 72, maravedi 75, phalanx 80, fens 
80, confraternity 81, quittance 83, boggle 83, compt 84, res- 
titution 85, gauds 86, diocese 90, diocesan 90, Vulgate 91, 
hedge priest 93, vituperating 86, rencounter 96, signet 97. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: curious 2, cut 2, tell 2, church and lay 16, can 
17, prove 18, merry 20, transcends 23, jangles 27, flaying 28, 
stall 29, borrows 33, quittance 35, treat 54, lances 65, archery 
65, tablets 82, irregular 91, nominated 101, credit 103, civil 
104, policy 104. 

Translate : manus imponere in servos Domini 2, excom- 
municabo vos 2, nebulo quidam 4, Deus faciat salvam be- 
nignitatem vestram 12, propter necessitatem et ad frigus 
depellendum 27, latro famosus 42, inter res sacras 87, ex- 
communicabo vos 93, ossa ejus perfringam 94. 

Where is : Holderness 80 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XVIII 
Assignment for Pupils 

Write an essay upon the point of the story in Ivanhoe. 
Show what the point is. Show to which of the two great 
divisions of story material it belongs. (Compare Lesson 
XIV.) Show what the subordinate interests, or points, in 
the story are and to which division each belongs. (Com- 
pare Lesson xv.) 

Show also, in the cases in which happiness is lost, whether 
the peril came directly or indirectly, whether it was easily 
recognizable or whether it was unsuspected by the persons 
most concerned to know of its coming. (Compare Lesson 

XVI.) 

Finally state the points at which the interest in this story 
has been most strong ; and, if you can do so, tell what in 
Scott's way of telling the story has made your interest great- 
est at these points. 



Class Work 

Reading: of the essays and discussion of them by the class 
from notes taken, as in Lesson xvi. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON XIY 
Chapter xxxiv 

1 Where did we last see Prince John and Fitzurse ? 
What were they planning- then ? 
Who was with them ? 

How and at w^hat points has this story showed the par- 
ticular qualities named as belonging to Front de Boeuf , 
De Bracy, and the Templar ? 

Name at least one instance in each case, and name the 
page on which it may be found. 
How can such men help Prince John ? 
16 When the Black Knight freed De Bracy did he not 
guess that he would ride to York and tell Prince John 
his news ? 
22-26 When did De Bracy see Richard ? 

29 Was this really the character of Richard ? 

30 Has De Bracy any idea of fighting Richard ? 
33 Has Fitzurse ? 

What is meant by * take sanctuary' ? 
37 Would you have expected John to prove so astute ? 
Does history give him so much credit ^ 

56 When John says ' Come hither Waldemar,' he has given 
up trying to induce De Bracy to go. Why would not 
De Bracy go ? 

Why then had he come to John to warn him ? 

57 Has Waldemar any hope now of De Bracy's undertak- 
ing the expedition ? 



ii 



73 

58-62 What characteristics of the two men is shown here? 
63 Why does John set this bait for De Bracy ? 

Whom does the Prince really trust ? 
75 Has he anything to fear from De Bracy ? 
77 What does John mean by thundering at the gates ? 

Define : tempering 1, subsidy 1, perpetrators 2, marauders 
3, gibbets 4, annals 10, malapert 13, policies 30, wend 30, 
diabolical 34, trowest 37, church-vault 40, apprized 50, fac- 
tions 56, hie 57, oriel 60, chancellor 63, High Marshal 63, 
baton 64, antechamber 64. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : sanctuary 33, bewray 42 ? 

Who is : Ahitophel 14, Guy 29, Bevis 29, Queen Mother 
36, Thomas a Becket 56 ? 

Where is: Hull 30, Flanders 30, this church of St. Peter 
33, Clifford's Gate 37, Humber 37, Hexamshire 71, York- 
shire 71 ? 

Chapter xxxv 

Do you think the Black Knight is threatened ? Why ? 
Have you reason now to fear for the safety of Re- 
becca ? Why ? 

Do you know what Ivanhoe's fortunes are to be ? 
There are still ten chapters in this novel. Prince John's 
plans are to be dealt with, Cedric's future course, and 
Rowena's shown, as well as Ivanhoe's, Rebecca's, and 
those of the Black Knight. 
1 The chapter begins with Isaac's illness and his deter- 
mination to go on to Templestowe. Why do you think 
Scott has Nathan introduced here ? 
Of what use to the story is this conversation ? 
Why then introduced when so much else needs to be 
done ? 

What was the Preceptory ? 
How far from Torquilstone ? 
What were the causes of Isaac's fever? 



74. 

3 Why does Nathan think Isaac delirious ? Compare 5, 

7, and 8. 
5 Did the Templar know this when he told De Bracy 

where he intended to go for safety ? 

8 Could a fierce and cruel man be called a Christian now? 

9 What is the 'it' he wishes sent to them? 
12 Do you think Isaac's hope well founded? 
15 Why was Templestowe well fortified ? 

18 Does the description Scott gives of the Grand Master 

confirm what Nathan said of his character or not ? 
21 Does what he says confirm it ? 

Does it seem justified by facts you know ? 

What are the laws of the order which the Grand Master 

enumerates ? 

Do you think Bois Guilbert kept these laws ? 

Do you admire the virtuous Beaumanoir ? Why ? 

31 Does the Grand Master value Bois Guilbert justly ? 
Do you judge from so much being said of the Grand 
Master that he is to be in some way connected with 
the outcome of this story ? 

Is the outlook favorable for Rebecca, or Isaac, or for 

Bois Guilbert ? 

Which of these will the Grand Master be most severe 

with ? Why ? 

Are we most interested in this one ? Why ? 

32 Is this what Isaac wished to happen ? 
39 How would the Prior like this ? 

53-57 Is this likely to prove helpful for Rebecca ? 

59 How do you think he means to deal with Rebecca ? 
What justification does he offer ? 

Is Isaac going to be able to do anything directly for 
her, so far as you can see ? 
Will his money help him with Beaumanoir ? 
Is the Templar himself likely to be able to save Re- 
becca from the fate of Miriam ? 

Define : negotiating 1, augmented 1, alienated 3, wottest 
, savour 9, impious 9, necromancy 13, haberdiers 15, spec- 



tres 15, ascetic 15, bespeak 16, fanaticism 16, bigot 18, ema- 
ciation 18, abstinence 18, devotee 18, physiognomy 18, oc- 
tangular 18, vairl8, ermine 18, abacus 18, pranked 21, arblast 

21, refection 21, romaunts 21, extirpate 21, cabalistical 21, 
pottage 21, harem 21, copestone 21, basilisk 21, consuetude 

22, abyss 25, popinjay 27, imports 29, machinator 31, impugn 
31, delinquents 31, jargon 50, gallantry 50, sigils 50, periapts 
55, incantation 59, spurn 59. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: traffic 4, advised 6, glove 9, virtues 9, depressed 
15, regularity 18, subsisted 18, dissolved 19, capital 21, fond 
21, vanities 21, curious 21, novitiate 26, jangling 27, doubt 
31, me 31? 

Translate : ut Leo semper feriatur 21, ut omnium mulie- 
rum fugiantur oscula 21, de Lectione Literarum 43, inveni- 
entur vigilantes 45, vinum laetificat cor hominis 46, Rex 
delectabitur pulchritudine tua 46, postscriptum 48, Semper 
percutiatur leo vorans 55. 

Who is : Belial 7, Phineas 21 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XIX 
Assignment for Pupils 

Write an essay upon the things a story writer must do if 
he hopes to write a narrative that will hold the reader's in- 
terest. (At least five hundred words.) 

Class Work 

Reading of essays and class discussion, led by the teacher. 



76 

IVANHOE 
LESSON XX 
Chapter xxxvi 

1 Where has Philip Malvoisin been mentioned ? 

Has he appeared in person at any point ? If so, where? 

2 What g-ood quality in Bois Guilbert is told by inference ? 
How long- do you think the Grand Master has been at 
Templestowe ? Why ? 

5 What part of Torquilstone had been chosen for Re- 
becca's imprisonment ? 
7 Is this a good beginning for Albert ? (Compare xxxv, 
26 and 27.) 
10 On what ground has the Grand Master decided Rebecca 

to be a sorceress ? 
13 Is Albert telling the truth ? 
16 How do you account for Beaumanoir's delusion ? 

19 Why does Albert wish to save Rebecca ? 

20 Do you think he is stating the truth about England's 
laws about witches ? 

29 Had you thought of this escape ? 

30 Why does Scott bring up the point since Malvoisin will 
not consent to such a plan ? 

39 Is ' calm hypocrite' a good description of Malvoisin ? 
Is there anything in 36 to merit this name for him ? 
Or in 34 ? Or 30 ? 

41 Does Malvoisin care to save Rebecca ? 

42 Have you judged Comrade Mont-Fitchet to be Beau- 
manoir's close friend ? 

How does he feel on this matter differently from Beau- 

manoir ? 
44-46 What is his object in arranging to carry through 

Rebecca's death ? 
50 What is implied by ' away then' ? Why not simple 

' away' ? 
57 Is the scrap of paper an assurance of the presence of a 

friend ? 



How could the scrap of paper be thrust into her hand 
as she walked in this way ? 

From your experience of Scott's way of givingf us at 
the end of a chapter a hint of something- likely to be of 
interest fater, do you guess this scrap of paper is likely 
to be of importance ? 

Name several chapters in which such a hint or prepara- 
tion has been given ? 

How many new characters has this chapter introduced ? 
What do you know of each of them ? 
What has been added to your knowledge of characters 
introduced before ? 

What influences are now against Rebecca ? 
What influences are working in her behalf ? 
Has Bois Guilbert fulfilled the intention expressed in 39? 

Define : audacious 2, relaxation 2, censured 2, connivance 
4, prohibitions 9, usurer 12, quean 15, enamoured 15, bland- 
ishments 16, talisman 16, spell 16, admonitions 16, jurisdic- 
tion 20, petty 20, domain 20, continence 22, dotard 23, lay- 
men 28, connive 29, gripe 30, distraction 34, mercenary 34, 
baubles 36. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : argue 2, fine 2, foul 12, lances 17, community 
17, degradation 30, scope 30, working 43, engines 45, ad- 
vantage 46 ? 

Who is : Delilah 18, Sampson 18 ? 

Where is : Kent 46 ? 

Translate : De commilitonibus Templi in sancta civitate, 
qui cum miserrimis mulieribus versantur, propter oblecta- 
tionem carnis 8, le don d'amoureaux merci 22, in flagrante 
delicto 34. 

Chapter xxxvii 

2-4 Make a plan of the dais indicating the position of 

the persons present at this trial. 
1-4 What is there in this scene to inspire awe ? 
Is a modern court scene like this ? 



f 



78 



5 Why had Bois Guilbert left his seat ? 

Why is he drawing lines ? 

Why does he not look at Rebecca ? 
8 Has Beaumanoir addressed all the people in this hall ?' 

Look over your plan and see who, if any, are omitted ? 

In the statements he makes here, are there any you 

think he could not prove ? 

What are the crimes of Bois Guilbert ? 

Which of them seems to you the worst ? 

11 Where have these witnesses been found ? 

12 What did the Templar call Malvoisin, xxxvi, 39 ? How 
are both words merited here ? 

13 Beaumanoir disting-uishes between motive and conduct.. 
Is this just ? 

Is the penance severe ? 
16 Is this request sensible ? 

21 Have any witnesses been called for Rebecca ? 
Would it do any good to call such ? Why ? 

22 Why does the peasant testify unwillingly ? 
Does he say any ill of Rebecca ? 

23 What construction is placed upon Rebecca's kindness ? 
29 How is 28 a practical application of 27 ? 

34 Do you not think Beaumanoir made a mistake in having 
Rebecca unveiled ? 

37 What scene is referred to here ? 

38 Look over what has been said at this trial and make a 
list of the points gathered against Rebecca. 

39 Do you think Beaumanoir wishes to be just ? 
Why is he so unjust ? 

40 Do you think Rebecca knew of some good in the Tem- 
lar and trusted it might prevail ? Why ? 

44 Why is the Templar so distressed ? 
What are the contending passions ? 
How does he dare speak of that scrap of paper when 
all may hear ? 

Do you think he gave it to her ? 
Why did she not notice that he gave it ? 



79 

Why did she not look at it before ? 
When the Templar said ' the scroll ' did you remember 
that scrap of paper ? 
45 Why did Bois Guilbert write in Arabic ? 

Why did he give this advice ? 
49 Does Rebecca trust the Templar's judgment? 

Who is likely to fight for her ? 

Is this the effort in her behalf of which the Templar 

spoke in xxxvi, 39 ? 

Look up Scott s life. What did he know of legal forms 

and of the history of the administration of the law in 

England ? . 

How much of this evidence would be believed now ? 

How much would have been believed in the early days 

of the New England colonies ? 

The Order of Knights Templars was at one time very 

powerful. What was the fate of the order ? 

In the days of Richard and Prince John was it still 

powerful ? 

Define : dais 1, chaplains 2, esquires 2, cabalistic 6, batoon 
8, weal 8, convoked 8, infamous 8, sortileges 8, besotted 8, 
secular 8, nomination 8, lewd 8, heinous .8, infidel 10, mar- 
vellous 11, portentous 11, haughty 11, preternatural 11, con- 
trition 12, precipitate 15, enticement 15, conjure 19, balsam 
21, penal 22, palsy 22, vocation 22, joiner 22, hap 22, tam- 
pering 23, trinketing 23, unguent 23, mediciners 25, insinu- 
ated 25, pharmacopeia 15, maimed 28, prating 29, reprehen- 
sion 34, fictitious 34, trivial 34, sinister 34, commentary 34, 
equivocal 36, stanched 36, mangonel 36, suffrages 39, vindi- 
cate 40, denounce 40, protestations 40, calumnious 40, scroll 
44, parchment 45, gage 49. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: engaging with 4, spell 8, proper 8, irregular 12, 
license 16, devices 34, characters 34, affirmance 40, habit 42, 
fierce 47 ? 

Translate : Venite exultemus Domino 4, Semper Leo per- 



80 



cutiatur 6, auferte malum ex vobis 8, Quod nullus juxta pro- 
priam voluntatem incedat 8, Ut fratres non participent cum 
excommunicatis 8, anathema Marantha 8, Ut fratres non 
conversantur cum extraneis mulieribus 8, Ut fugiantur oscula 
8, De osculis fugiendis 9. 
Who is : Moslemah 16 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XX 
Assignment for Pupils 

Write a paper upon the ways in which the Ancient Mariner 
fulfils the requirements of the art of narration. (At least 
three hundred words.) 

Class Work 

Reading of the essays and discussion by the class from 
notes taken along lines of criticism suggested by work of 
Lesson xix. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON XXI 
Chapter xxxviii 

1 In the last chapter which do you prefer, Beaumanoir, 
or Mont Fitchet, or Malvoisin ? Why ? 

Do you think the others were touched as Beaumanoir 

was ? 

In whom were you most interested ? 

Were you pleased with Rebecca ? 

Do you think Rowena would have been as brave and 

quick ? 

2 Why will not Rebecca do this ? 



81 

10 Why is Rebecca granted a champion ? 

12 Were the laws * mild laws ' ? 

13 Why should Bois Guilbert be chosen to fight against 
Rebecca's champion ? 

Had he expected this ? Why ? 
23 Is Malvoisin telling the truth ? 

Why does not the Templar speak ? 
27 Do you think Rebecca prays that God will aid the just 

cause ? 
39 What ancient custom is here shown ? 

Where have you heard of it before ? 
46 Why did Rebecca think Ivanhoe would help her ? 

Do you think her advice about Cordova good ? 

Was England then a land of cruelty and bloodshed, as 

as says ? 

50 Do you think the Rabbi is probably right in regard to 
what can be done with gold ? 

51 Do you remember words of Locksley, that Isaac too 
may recall as he speaks his last sentence here ? 

54 Would the people be likely to call this cripple the 'Jew's 
flying post ' ? 

What is it in Rebecca that makes all wish to serve her ? 
In this story where have you seen her power in win- 
ning sympathy and help ? 
Which is the greatest proof of it ? 

Was Rebecca herself helpful and sympathetic where 
need was found ? 

Where have you seen illustrations of her disposition in 
this reg^ard ? 

Define : mien 1, eradicating 1, incumbent 1, gauntlet 6, 
divers 18, discomfited 24, genii 38, asper 38, cupping 39, 
phlebotomy 39, solicitude 39, peradventure 43, pawn 50, 
guild brother 54, mancus 54, wench 54. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: practice 2, defamed 12, wagering 17, foughten 
18, doom 24, to go 54 ? 



82 

Translate : essoine 26, devoir 26. 

Who is: Daniel 42, Belteshazzar 42, Jonah 42, Boabdil 46 ? 

Where is : Sinai 3 ? 

Chapter xxxix 

13 What is the reference here^to the battlement ? 

Would the Templar meet^a lance or a sword ? 
16 Is this all so ? 
19 What is his cause of grief ? 
28 Had the Templar meant that Rebecca should die ? 

What had been his plan ? 

34 Do you think Rebecca fair to the Templar ? 
Had he really taken the glove ? 

35 How is it that Bois Guilbert does not know that Rich- 
ard is not in prison ? 

38 Would you think this a jest ? 

39 Do you think the Templar would be an agreeable com- 
panion after all this was renounced ? 

40 What is the foolishness ? 

In this chapter what qualities do you see for the first 

time in the Templar ? 

Compare this interview with that in the castle of Tor- 

quilstone. 

Since that time how has Rebecca's opinion of the 

Templar changed ? 

How has his opinion of her changed ? 
40-42 Who had to make the harder choice, the Templar 

or Rebecca ? Why ? 
55 Which of the two has in this interview shown the more 

reasonable and the more acute judgment ? 

Do you see any reason for this ? 
65 What string is it ? 

Why wish for Richard ? (Compare 35.) 

This chapter shows a struggle in the Templar's heart, 

and a testing, too, of Rebecca's moral fibre. Has 

there been any preceding chapter in which such a severe 

moral struggle and testing has taken place ? 



83 

In general what means does Scott choose to show us 
the moral character of his personages, severe tempta- 
tions or little ones ? 

By which is moral character tested in real life ? 
Define : trump 3, timbrel 3, portents 3, censer 5, timorous 
8, belie 10, fantastic 13, fluctuate 14, protracted 15, diabolical 
15, impute 23, denizens 26, crouch 26, bandy 27, affects 29, 
avouched 29, brag 30, stipulation 31, stake 35, faggot 35, 
coped 35, instigate 35, scaled 39, requital 42, magnanimity 
42, barter 42, lists 48, conversant 49, ingots 49, ire 50, be- 
sotted 52, fatality 52, adamantine 52, shoal 54, fortitude 54, 
complaisance 58, recreant 62, exorcisms 62, sanction 63, 
pageant 67, preferment 70, wily 70. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : astonished 2, provoking 8, bucklered 17, trim 
25, instruments 52, set 64 ? 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XXI 
Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Exposition is the name of that kind of description 
that is given for the purpose of making you understand the 
shape, or the size, or the nature, or the looks, or the cause 
of anything ; not directly for the sake of the knowledge so 
gained, but in order that the later literary purpose of the 
writer may be attained. Exposition does not concern itself 
with making one feel, it is only concerned to make one un- 
derstand. For instance, the physical geography gives an 
exposition of the nature of a periodical spring, and has done 
all it is concerned to do if you understand the operation of 
the causes that make it alternately flow and cease to flow, 
the writer does not care at all whether you like such springs, 
or not, or associate them with pleasant or unpleasant expe- 
riences ; as soon as he begins to try to make you have any 
feeling about periodical springs he stops writing exposition 
and begins to write description. This then is the difference 
between exposition and description. 



84: 

(b) Write an account of the appearance of a tree (two 
hundred words) which will explain its looks, and not bring- 
in a single word which will show any one whether you ad- 
mire the tree or not, for its strength, or beauty, or age, or 
use, or association, although you discuss all these points. 

Class Work 

Reading of the essay, with discussion, explanation, and 
criticisms. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON XXII 
Chapter xl 

1 Where did we last see the Black Knight ? 
What occurrence has taken place since then ? 

2 What relation is Athelstane to Cedric ? 

The Black Knight calls Ivanhoe 'Sir Wilfred'. Do 

you understand the title to belong to Ivanhoe ? 
4 When the Black Knight chooses Wamba for his guide, 

do you think he has made a wise choice ? Why ? 

What does Ivanhoe think? (Compare 8.) 
5-7 What does Wamba mean by valour in these remarks ? 

What by wit ? 

Is it a good distinction he makes between wit and 

valour ? 
12 Do you think the balsam has effected the rapid re- 
covery ? 
16 Has Ivanhoe any ground for apprehension ? If so, on 

what account ? 
.17 Why should the Prior cross himself here ? 

What does he think the cause of Ivanhoe's anxiety ? 
18 Who is the 'he' for whom Ivanhoe fears ? 



86 

Why should ' his entrance' be perilous ? 
Had not Cedric himself asked the Black Knight to 
come to Athelstane's home and promised him a wel~ 
come there ? 
19-25 Why did the Prior lend his horse ? 

29 Why did he wish he had not lent it ? 

Why should Gurth now call himself a squire ? 
What hour of day is this ? 
How long is it since the Black Knight left ? 
Do you expect Ivanhoe to overtake him ? 

30 The Black Knight has been described before. Where? 
What in his appearance is specially emphasized in this 
description ? 

Is that any hint of Scott's purpose in giving this second 

and longer account of the appearance of the Black 

Knight ? 

What do you think the purpose is ? 
44 What makes the Black Knight remember the Friar and 

Locksley just now ? 
47 What does Wamba mean ? 
63 What does Wamba know about the evening the Black 

Knight passed with the Friar ? 
65 Why does Wamba come close ? 
73 What is the meaning the word ' then' adds to this 

speech ? 

Does the Knight understand ? Why ? 
77 Wamba talked of wit and valour a while ago ; why does 

he here substitute folly for wit ? 
85-87 Do Locksley's men wear the morrion ? 

Why then did Wamba want the horn ? 

When do you think he first saw a gleam that aroused 

his suspicions ? 

90 Who are these men at arms ? 

Are they Malvoisin's, as Wamba guessed ? (67) 
The Black Knight seems much stirred by this attack. 
Why should he immediately show such stern dignity ? 

91 Are these people traitors ? Why ? 



86 

94 Why does Scott call them murderers ? 
101 Are yoti surprised ? Why ? 

104 Fitzurse has mentioned his daug^hter several times be" 
fore, (xxxiv, 31, 32, 33.) What do you now know of 
his ambition ? 

105 Does Richard think the reason given the true one ? 
Do you? 

108-110 Compare the incident of De Bracy's life spared at 
Torquilstone. 
What points of similarity ? 
On what conditions is Fitzurse spared ? 
What makes each condition necessary ? 

112 Have you known this before ? Where first ? 

113 Scott speaks of Richard as of distinguished character, 
as well as exalted rank, where has he shown evidences 
of such character ? 

132 What is it Richard understands ? 
140 What was the last chapter about ? 

Have you forgotten those characters in your interest 

for these ? 

How much humor did you find in xxxix ? 

How much here in xl ? 

Where has Scott used forest scenes before ? 

How many of the forest scenes have been cheerful ? 

Which of the chapters laid in other scenes have had a 

cheerful tone ? 

How important have the forest scenes been in carrying 

on the story ; that is, where have matters of grave im- 
portance been brought out in these chapters ? 

Compare in this respect with the chapters that are not 

forest scenes. 
Define : revenue 1, interim 1, fvmeral feast 2, lee-gage 7, 
matin song 11, balsam 12, apprehension 16, augurs 16, ca- 
rousals 18, jennet 19, hornpipe 19, homily 19, edification 19, 
breviary 21, restive 23, conformable 23, rowels 24, ejaculate 
24, manciple 24, importunity 26, canvassing 28, paces 28, 
facetious 28, rheum 28, munificent 28. guerdon 28, nag 28, 



87 

refectory 28, stockfish 29, pursy 29, speculate 29, enamoured 

30, troubadour 30, prating 30, whimsical 30, champion 30, 
imminent 30, falchion 31, targe 31, infirmity 31, irritability 

31, anon 31, rump 31, moping 31, mowing 31, virelai 32, 
carol 34, bauble 35, cudgel 35, roundelay 37, laird 39, bask 
39, gibe 63, apprehensions 63, vespers 63, impediment 68, 
ninepins 85, morrion 87, aperture 90, traitors 91, agility 96, 
precarious 96, assassins 98, equerry 99, skulking 111, behest 
112, tendered 113, allegiance 113, liegemen 114, gelding 120, 
conditioning 120, houghed 120, onset 120, rosary 123, skir- 
mish=123, contrition 123, demure 123, belied 123, sacrilegious 
125, exchequer 128, void 130, orisons 131, unfrocked 131, 
vert 132, cope 136, stole 136, jocose 139. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: train 1, light 6, apprehension 7, blind 7, stout 
18, traffic 18, enduring 21, fair 24, respect 24, squire 28, 
doubt 28, anxiously 29, whiles 30, storming 31, apprehend- 
ing 31, burden 32, set off 63, urge 79, clean 79, jangle 80, 
felon 93, skirts 96, ready 96, say 105, of 119, brook 120, 
crosier 125, scepter 125 ? 

Translate : destrier 18, Fructus Temporum 21, rascaille 72, 
confiteor 122. 

Chapter xli 

1 Are you sorry Ivanhoe did not overtake Richard an 

hour sooner ? Why ? 
5 Had Ivanhoe' s presentiments proved true ? 

7 Do you think this is true ? 

Is this a kingly ambition ? Why ? 

8 Are these fears well founded ? Why ? 

9 Have you guessed before the reason for Richard's con- 
cealment ? 

What are his plans ? Why did he hurry away after the 
Torquilstone siege ? 

11 Why is Locksley embarrassed ? 

12 What does Richard mean about slaying his own game ? 
14 Is this description of Richard I fair to him, so far as 



your histories lead you to believe ? Why ? 

In a historical novel should historical personag^es be 

faithfully portrayed as they were in fact ? 

15 Why should the King- be merry ? 

16 Have you seen this to be true of Richard ? 
Why was Ivanhoe anxious ? 

What does he allude to under the metaphor of * fangs 
and claws ' ? 

18 Why are Ivanhoe's efforts so useless ? 

19 Did Robin Hood risk much ? Why ? 

21 All through the novel of Ivanhoe we have been hearing 
about Malvoisin, but have not often seen him. Why 
has Scott used such a character at all, i. e., of what 
use is he to the story ? 

23 How will Ivanhoe feel when the King says this ? 

28-29 Has Prince John any one who takes the office here 
discussed ? 

Compare Richard's action, 20-32, with what you fancy 
John would do under the same circumstances. 
Considering what you know of Prince John's treatment 
of his friends and his foes, and what you know of 
Richard's life in this respect, account for the loyalty of 
Richard's friends. 
What are Richard's faults ? 

35 Compare this description with that in Chapter i, 6. 
Which gives you the most vivid picture of the place ? 
Do you think Scott cared for a fine view, old trees and 
old castles ? Support your opinion by what you know 
of his life as well as by what you have read in Ivanhoe. 

39 When Ivanhoe imagined how Athelstane's funeral feast 
would be attended, do you think he foresaw this kind 
of a company ? 

Why should he think Richard might be in peril at Con- 
ingsburgh ? 

Scott has described three homes to us in this novel, 
Rotherwood, and Torquilstone, and Coningsburgh. 
Which do you prefer ? Why ? 



Did Scott prefer it ? How do you know ? 
41 Why should the seneshal imag-ine Ivanhoe's features 
familiar ? 

Define : silvan 1, retinue 1, meed 5, stoup 13, buxom 14, 
quaffed 15, dallied 15, essayed 18, rectitude 27, niggard 28, 
ambuscade 31, amphitheatre 35, antiquary 35, heptarchy 35, 
barrow 35, circumvallation 36, armorial 37, abroach 37, men- 
dicant 40, bards 40, dirges 40, rotes 40, panegyric 40, unison 
40, seneschal 41, deigned 41, mien 41. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following- 
words used : detached 31, cultivation 35, keep 35, crowds 40. 

Who is : Plantagenet 2, Hengist 35 ? 

Where is : York 9, Salisbury 9, Warwickshire 9, Don 35. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 
LESSON XXII 
Assignment for Pupils 

Write a two hundred word account of the tree of Lesson 
XXI. Bring in its strength, and beauty, and age, as before, 
but do it now in such a way as to make ns like or dislike 
the tree, or admire its beauty and picturesqueness, or fee^ 
touched by its age and associations. 

You will need to choose carefully the points you use for 
this purpose, and the words in which you express them, so 
that we shall all feel as you wish us to feel about this tree. 

Class Work 

Reading of the descriptions. Let the class members vote 
on the best three. These are taken for criticism and further 
explanation. 




90 

IVANHOE 
LESSON XXIII 

Chapter xlii 

1 Where have you seen such dujigeons before ? 
Why should those castles need to have dungeons ? 
Why do not our great houses now need to have any 
dungeons ? 
3 Where is the apartment to which they are introduced ? 
Are these men mourning the decay of national glory ? 
Is this an appropriate place for Richard I ? 
5-6 This is a very good description of a chapel such as 
may be found in many old castles, convents, and mon- 
asteries in England and on the continent. 
Give it such attention as will enable you to mention 
its principal peculiarities. 

16 What does Scott mean by one's being 'too proud to 
be vain ' ? 

Why should Rowena be anxious about Ivanhoe's fate ? 
When did she last see him ? 

21-22 Why does Cedric color ? Does he guess what 
Richard is going to ask ? 

29-33 Did Richard foresee Cedric's annoyance ? 
• 32 Was Ivanhoe right about the peril to Richard ? (Chap- 
ter XL, 18.) . 

37 The incident of Athelstane's resuscitation was intro- 
duced by Scott at the request of a friend. It did not 
occur in the story as it was first written. Which way 
would you prefer to have the story ? 

40 Has Cedric more courage than you supposed ? 

41 What assures you that this is not a spectre ? 
Does it assure the spectators too ? 

43 How did Athelstane know the monks of Saint Edmunds 
expected to receive his lands ? (Compare 6.) 

53 What in the experience of Athelstane seems to grieve 
him most ? 
Relate his experience briefly. 



91 

67 Are you surprised at Athelstane's renunciation of his 
pretensions to a throne ? 

69 Are you surprised at his decision about Rowena ? 

70 Where has Ivanhoe gone ? 
72 Why has Rowena left ? 

Does she y*et know of Ivanhoe's coming to Conings- 
burgh ? 
74 Where has Richard gone ? 
Who is the Jew ? 

Define : precipitous 1, portal 1, antiquary 1, revellers 3, 
antique 3, tunics 3, loophole 5, flambeaux 5, bier 6, sacristan 
6, pall 6, desecrated 6, mancuses 6, weal 7, oratory 8, wimple 
8, missal 8, bosses 8, dirge 16, choristers 16, pall 16, decor- 
ous 16, prepensity 16, affianced 17, obsequies 18, scion 30, 
mansworn 33, dissension 33, weasand41, cloven 42, fiatlings 
43, mace 43, medicated 43, oubliette 43, wheedled 45, ex- 
communicated 45, imminent 46, gouty 47, provender 47, un- 
stable 47, totty 47, turnkey 47, staple 47, erroneous 50, 
shakles 51, emaciated 51, tregetour 53, auspicious 54. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: sewer 4, cypress 8, illuminated 8, boards 8, 
far 17, nook 47, reason 49, agape 50, edition 50, unparted 
53, brace 53, mortifiers 67, called 70, skills 75. 

Translate : soul-scat 6, nidering 33, benedicite 38, Mort 
de ma vie 38. 

Who is : Woden 3, Apollyon 6, Saint Edmund 6 ? 

Chapter xliii 

1 When we last read of Rebecca, what dangers and per- 
plexities was she meeting ? 

Where do you think Isaac went upon receiving her 
message ? 

How much time has passed since she sent the message 
to her father ? 

5-8 What preparation was made in the preceding chapter 
for this exaggerated story ? 
23-24 What ' new hare ' is meant ? 



92 

27 What was Athelstane's account of this ? 

31 What do you think men read in the Templar's dark 
features ? 

32 Why do Malvoisin and Mont Fitchet attach themselves 
to Bois Guilbert's cause ? 

39 Do you think Bois Guilbert has taken the oath ? 

Do you think he would take it now ? 
41 What does the call of the herald mean ? 
42-44 Is Beaumanoir just ? 
46 Does Rebecca still hope for a champion ? 
49-52 Is this plan practicable ? Why ? 
54 What does Malvoisin fear ? 
59 Why does Sir Brian call Malvoisin ' false' ? Is he false 

so far as Sir Brian is concerned ? ^ 

Why is Bois Guilbert angry ? 

67 Why will not the Templar fight Ivanhoe ? 

What traits like the one now manifested have you no- 
ticed before ? 

68 Why does Ivanhoe say these irritating things ? 

69 Does Bois Guilbert intend to kill Ivanhoe ? 
Why look irresolutely toward Rebecca ? 

If Ivanhoe dies what is Rebecca's fate ? 
72 What does Ivanhoe mean by ' it is the judgment of 

God' ? 
74 Does Scott intend us to understand that the Templar 

is ill? 

79 Does he make this sudden attack occur as a natural 
result of overcharged passions ? 

80 Do we feel it as the decision or judgment of heaven ? 
Did Scott intend us to feel this ? 

Define : wake 1, gladiatorial 1, tourney 1, spectacle 1, riot 
1, radical 1, insurgent 1, flints 1, palisaded 2, boor 5, dole 
10, sacring-bell 16, breviary 16, barret-cap 31, godfathers 32, 
neophytes 32, amulets 32, tiltyard 34, devoir 37, sorcerers 
37, oyez 41, appellant 42, scutcheon 52, Greek fire 60, pre- 
possession 63, purvey 67, scourge 67, bravade 67, reliquary 
68, antagonist 77, unshriven 78, unabsolved 78. 



93 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used: die 1, bruising 1, dunghills 1, commons 4, plate 
7, construe 13, round 16, avoid 53 ? 

Translate : cap a pie 31, Te igitur 38, Faites vos devoirs, 
preux chevaliers 75, Laissez aller 75, Fiat voluntas tua 80. 

Who are the Sadducees 52 ? 
Chapter xliv 

2 What w^as the surprise ? 

Would the spectators have any other feeling than sur- 
prise ? (Malvoisin, for instance ?) 

3 Does Ivanhoe show good judgment ? 
5 Was it well ? 

What in all human probability would be the issue of 

such a venture ? 

What would be gained ? What lost ? 
7 (Compare xli, 9.) 

What do you conclude about the preparations for going 

to York ? 
14 How do you suppose the Royal Standard was raised 

upon the Preceptory towers ? Who did it ? When ? 
18 Who were those who raised the shout ? 

Against whom did they shout ? 
20 Why should there be such stress on Christian Prince ? 

And what offence has been given by Richard to Chris- 
tendom ? 
23 Why does the multitude shout ? 
28 Why does Rebecca wish to thank Ivanhoe at some 

other time ? 

Does Isaac tmderstand ? 

31 What was that ' traffic ' ? When was it -spoken of be- 
fore ? 

32 Where was this house ? 

What has become of the Rabbi Samuel ? 
What did he undertake to do ? 
36-40 What has King Richard done before that prepared 
you to think these things just what you would expect 
of him ? 



94 

42 The Earl and King- Richard agree in their opinion of 
Ivanhoe's action. 
Why does not Ivanhoe see it in the same way ? 

45 Show that Richard's judgment was in each case justi- 
fied or unjustified by what you know of these person- 
ages. 

46 What is meant by the ' judicial combat ' ? 
Where was the King's court usually held ? 

48 Why has Athelstane withdrawn his suit ? 

49 What influences Cedric to change his mind ? 

50 What temple is called the minster of York ? 
For what is it famous i 

51 Why should Gurth be called faithful ? Name incidents 
to show that he deserves this name. 

What in Wamba's history entitles him to be called 
magnanimous ? 
53 Would Rebecca have wondered, hesitated, become 
curious, and then complied ? Why ? 

56 What is meant by the ' homage of my country' ? 

57 Do you think Rowena thought this out, or is this what 
she has heard ? 

If the latter, from whom ? 
60 (Compare Chapter xxxviii, 46.) What has induced 

Isaac to go to Granada ? 
63 Why should Rowena think the Normans will honor 

Rebecca ? 
67 Do you think Rebecca has judged correctly of Rowena's 

character ? 

Have all the qualities named been shown in the story ? 

Where ? 
79 What are the historic circumstances of Richard's death ? 

(Compare Green's Short History, Chap, ii. Sec. ix.) 
Read Scott's preface to the edition of 1830 ; (sometimes 

printed in the appendix.) 

Notice in particular Scott's remarks upon the character 

of Rebecca, and on the nobility of the woman whose 

wishes are least gratified by the prosperity of her for- 
tunes. 

Do you think Scott's ending satisfactory ? 

If you had to change places with either Rebecca (in 



95 

Granada among- the poor she tries to help) or with Ro- 
wena, (the Lady of Ivanhoe in England), which would 
you choose ? Why ? 

After Chapter xxiv we decided that the bugle call 
might possibly introduce the turning point or climax 
of the story, so that the fortunes of those in whom you 
were interested (having been far from prosperous to 
that point) should afterward improve. 
Was the bugle call really a symbol of this turn in the 
fortunes of your favorite characters ? 
If they have improved from then, in what respect has 
it been ? 

How has the improvement come about in each case ? 
Up to the time of the bugle call the characters you 
liked least have been the ones that prospered most. 
How have they fared since then ? 

Make a list of the occurrence of bad or good fortune 
to the following characters. Note in each case the 
point at which the bugle call is sounded, Cedric, the 
Black Knight, Wamba, Gurth, Ivanhoe, Rowena, Re- 
becca, Isaac, the Templar, De Bracy, Prince John, 
Front de Boeuf. 

It is called ' poetic justice' when the actions or disposi- 
tion of a character lead directly to his good or bad 
fortune, though he is all the time unconscious of their 
influence. In disposing the fortunes of the characters 
in this story has Scott given us any instance of poetic 
justice ? 
Define : obsequies 3, girth 10, doom 13, menaced 18, pro- 
bation 18, trusty 22, squadron 23, maugre 36, duteous 40, 
clemency 41, dynasty 46, despotism 46, atrocity 48, counter- 
act 48, clerical 48, obviously 48, precarious 50, esquire 51, 
startle 68, carcanet 69. 

In what unusual construction or sense are the following 
words used : into 18, bucklering 20, briefly 46, weigh 77 ? 

Translate : Quare fremuerunt Gentes 17, Beau-seant 17, 
de facto 49. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 

LESSON XXIII 

Assignment for Pupils 

(a) Write a two hundred word essay upon a house ; let it 
be an exposition, and intended to make the reader under- 



^^^ 7 1907 



stand the shape, size, and appearance of the house. 

(b) Write a two hundred word essay upon the same house. 
Let it be a description, and make us feel toward the house 
some special feeling- of dread, or tenderness, or sadness, or 
discomfort. 

Class Work 

Reading of the descriptions. Let the class members vote 
on the best three. These are taken for criticism and further 
explanation. 



IVANHOE 
LESSON XXIV 

Read Thackeray's * Rebecca and Rowena.' 
How well do you like Thackeray's ending to the story? 
Do you think he succeeds in imitating Scott's style ? 
Point out in each chapter the passages in Ivanhoe he 
has in mind as a model. 

COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC 

LESSON XXIV 

Assignment for Pupils 

Write an essay upon the peculiarities of Scott's literary 
style which Thackeray parodies, and point out the stylistic 
peculiarities of Scott that you admire. Try to show that 
these latter are, or are not, such as may be easily parodied 
by a clever writer. 

Class Work 

Reading of these essays, and a discussion with a view to 
determining what constitutes a parody. 



Note to Teacher. — A lesson period should be given to a test on the 
entire work covered. Upon the close of the work the author will be 
glad to hear from teachers who have used it an estimate of the results 
gained by this method. 



::m 



'S,.: 




